The main objective of this study was to develop reliable processing and analysis techniques to facilitate the use of small-footprint lidar data for estimating tree crown diameter by measuring individual trees identifiable on the threedimensional lidar surface. In addition, the study explored the importance of the lidar-derived crown diameter for estimating tree volume and biomass. The lidar dat...

Old-growth ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa) forests are uncommon in the Southwest, and only one old growth forest (the Gus Pearson Natural Area [GPNA]) has been researched in the ponderosa pine belt sur rounding the city of Flagstaff in northern Arizona. The purpose of this study was to measure soil characteris tics, current and pre-Euro-American settlement (1885) tree structure, and understory ...

Old-growth forests are valuable sources of ecological, conservation, and management information, yet these ecosystems have received little study in New England, due in large part to their regional scarcity. To increase our understanding of the structures and processes common in these rare forests, we studied the abundance of downed coarse woody debris (CWD) and snags and live-tree size-class di...

A practical two-stage procedure for determination of stand parameters of entire forest stands by means of fi eld plots and airborne laser scanner data has been developed and tested. In the fi rst stage, geo-referenced fi eld sample plots are related to the corresponding laser data, and relationships (regressions) between fi eld data and various canopy height and canopy density metrics that can ...

in this research, effects of subsurface drip irrigation method on soil and tomato yield was investigated under different salinities and two irrigation management strategies: m1= alternating irrigation with fresh water and saline water, and m2= saline water in the first half of each irrigation event and fresh water in the second half. the experiment was conducted in 320 m2 area including 30 plot...

Irigasi adalah usaha penyediaan dan pengaturan air untuk menunjang pertanian yang jenisnya meliputi irigasi permukaan, rawa, bawah tanah, pembangunan saluran sangat diperlukan,sehingga ketersediaan di Daerah akan terpenuhi walaupun tersebut berada jauh dari sumber permukaan (sungai atau danau). Perencanaan suatu sistem hal pertama perlu dikerjakan analisis hidrologi menggunkanan metode Penman M...

introduction: arsenic has been used as an effective medicine in the treatment of severe promyelocytic leukemia in recurrence and resistance cases toward atra. in this study, it has been used as induction and maintenance therapy after remission. method & material: we studied 31 patients diagnosed by apl. a rsenic was started at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg (daily) until patient’s bone marrow remission.(...

BACKGROUND Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) with a C8 to C18 chain length of alkyl groups. Since BAC exerts toxic effects on microorganisms, it has been used as an effective germicide and preservative, mostly in cosmetic industry and medicine. However, the toxic potential of BAC may be hazardous to humans, due to the common use of preparations containing BAC a...

The scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis, was screened for new saxitoxin analogues to study the metabolism of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), and this resulted in discovery two analogues: M5-hemiaminal (HA) M6-HA. M5-HA isolated its structure determined by using NMR spectroscopy. It contains hydrogen at C-4 with opposite stereochemistry that saxitoxin, a hemiaminal formed between 9-NH2 hydrated ...

Analisis Potensi Kayu Bulat Shorea leprosula di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Kerusakan hutan alam dan semakin menurunnya pasokan kayu untuk bahan industri olahan perlu kiranya peningkatan produktivitas diantaranya dengan melaksanakan pembangunan tanaman dipterokarpa jenis leprosula. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mengetahui potensi bulat (2) hubungan antar variabel berda...