En el tránsito de 1820 a 1822 Nueva España pasó, ser una colonia la monarquía española, formar parte del sistema liberal doceañista, tras sanción Constitución 1812 en mayo 1820. Así, febrero 1821, se inició un proceso independentista que acabó con Acta Independencia septiembre ese mismo año. Este germen Estado nación mexicano consolidará Congreso Imperio 1822. político entrecruzaron 1812, norma...

We present a detailed observational and theoretical study of a ∼ 3 hr long X-ray burst (the " super burst ") observed by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) from the low mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 4U 1820-30. This is the longest X-ray burst ever observed from this source, and perhaps one of the longest ever observed in great detail from any source. We show that the super burst is thermonuclear...

The behavior of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) at frequencies near 1 kHz in the x-ray emission from the neutron star x-ray binary 4U 1820-30 has been interpreted as evidence for the existence of the marginally stable orbit, a key prediction of strong-field general relativity. The signature of the marginally stable orbit is a saturation in QPO frequency, assumed to track inner disk radius, v...

We use four Chandra gratings spectra of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1820 30 to better understand the nature of certain X-ray absorption lines inX-ray binaries, including theNe ii, Ne iii, Ne ix, O vii, andO viii lines. The equivalent widths of the lines are generally consistent between the observations, as expected if these lines originate in the hot interstellar medium. No eviden...

Using Suzaku observations of three neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries (Ser X−1, 4U 1820−30 and GX 349+2) we have found broad, asymmetric, relativistic Fe K emission lines in all three objects. These Fe K lines can be well fit by a model for lines from a relativistic accretion disk (‘diskline’), allowing a measurement of the inner radius of the accretion disk, and hence an upper limit on the n...

BACKGROUND A major challenge for ancient DNA (aDNA) studies on insect remains is that sampling procedures involve at least partial destruction of the specimens. A recent extraction protocol reveals the possibility of obtaining DNA from past insect remains without causing visual morphological damage. We test the applicability of this protocol on historic museum beetle specimens dating back to AD...

product containing a catechol group with an a ,b-unsaturated carboxylic acid chain (Fig. 1), is a widespread phenolic acid, naturally found in many agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables, wine, olive oil, and coffee. Caffeic acid has been reported to possess a wide spectrum of biological effects such as antioxidant activity, inhibition of enzyme activities (lipoxygenase, glutathione S...

Recensión de / Review of: Remedios Morán Martín (dir.) Trienio Liberal, vintismo, rivoluzione: 1820-23. España, Portugal e Italia. Thomson Reuters /Aranzadi, 2021, 936 pp. Fecha envío Submission date: 7/01/2022Fecha aceptación Acceptance 14/02/2022

Material accreted onto a neutron star can stably burn in steady state only when the accretion rate is high (typically super-Eddington) or if a large flux from the neutron star crust permeates the outer atmosphere. For such situations we have analyzed the stability of nonradial oscillations, finding one unstable mode for pure helium accretion. This is a shallow surface wave which resides in the ...