We recently reported that the activation of H-Ras represents one of the signaling steps underlying the interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-mediated metabolic dysfunction of the islet beta-cell. In the present study, we examined potential contributory roles of membrane-associated, cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts/caveolae and their constituent proteins (e.g., caveolin-1 [Cav-1]) as potential sites for ...

In this study, we show that IL-1beta processing and secretion induced by pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecules in human monocytes is regulated by a biphasic redox event including a prompt oxidative stress and a delayed antioxidant response. Namely, PAMPs induce an early generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) followed by increase of intracellular thioredoxin and release of ...

PURPOSE This study determined the role of the proinflammatory cytokines known to be elevated in the diabetic retina, namely IL-1beta, TNFalpha, and IL-6, in a high glucose-induced nuclear accumulation of GAPDH in retinal Müller cells, an event considered crucial for the induction of cell death. METHODS With use of the transformed rat Müller cell line (rMC-1) and isolated human Müller cells (H...

Hepatic injury can lead to systemic and pulmonary inflammation through activation of NF-kappaB-dependent pathways and production of various proinflammatory cytokines. The exact mechanism remains unknown, although prior research suggests interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) plays an integral role. Cultured murine alveolar macrophages were used to identify an optimized IL-1beta-specific short interfering...

The cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is implicated in a broad spectrum of CNS pathologies, in which it is thought to exacerbate neuronal loss. Here, the effects of injecting recombinant rat IL-1beta into the striatum of 3-week-old rats were followed noninvasively from 2 to 123 hr using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Four hours after injection of IL-1beta (1 ng in 1 microliter...

Prostanoids are important regulators of ovarian function, especially during ovulation and luteolysis. Cyclooxygenase (Cox) is the rate-limiting enzyme in conversion of arachidonic acid to prostanoids. We have examined the expression and regulation of the inducible Cox isoform (Cox-2) and of the receptor for PGF2alpha (FP) in human granulosa cells obtained from women undergoing oocyte retrieval ...

We have studied, using a telemetry system, the pyrogenic properties of recombinant murine interleukin-18 (rmIL-18) injected into the peritoneum of C57BL/6 mice. The effect of IL-18 was compared with the febrile response induced by human IL-1beta, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and recombinant murine interferon-gamma (rmIFN-gamma). Both IL-1beta and LPS induced a febrile response within the first hou...

Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) stimulates expression of the highly inducible enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), and consequently provokes prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthesis, which induces inflammatory responses. In this study, the contribution of protein kinase C (PKC) to IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts was invest...

Following induction and activation of the early growth response (Egr)-1 transcription factor in human chondrocytes, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) suppresses the expression of the type II collagen gene (COL2A1), associated with induction of Egr-1 binding activity in nuclear extracts. The COL2A1 proximal promoter contains overlapping binding sites for Egr-1 and Sp1 family members at -119/-112 bp a...

Interleukin (IL)-1beta causes airway inflammation, enhances airway smooth muscle responsiveness, and alters neurotransmitter expression in sensory, sympathetic, and myenteric neurons. This study examines the role of intrinsic airway neurons in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) induced by IL-1beta. Ferrets were instilled intratracheally with IL-1beta (0.3 microg/0.3 ml) or saline (0.3 ml) once da...