In a recent experimental study program involving X-band waveguide components, various factors affecting RF resistivity were investigated. Specific results of this investigation included: l) the successful reduction of the RF resistivity of conventional beryllium copper castings by electroplating with higher conductivity metals, 2) decreasing RF resistivity by lowering surface roughness, 3) the ...

We calculate the resistivity and Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) of a segmented nanowire consisting of two ferromagnetic segments separated by a thin paramagnetic spacer. The quantization of the electron motion due to the small nanowire cross-section is taken into account; s − d electron scattering gives rise to different mean free paths for spin-up and spin-down s-electrons. The calculated resis...

The d-electron low temperature magnet NbFe2 is poised near the threshold of magnetism at ambient pressure, and can be tuned across the associated quantum critical point by adjusting the precise stoichiometry within the Nb1-yFe2+y homogeneity range. In a nearly critical single crystal (y= -0.01), we observe a T3/2 power-law dependence of the resistivity rho on temperature T and a logarithmic tem...

We report on an operando XPS investigation of a GaN diode, by recording the Ga2p3/2 peak position under both forward and reverse bias. Areal maps of the peak positions under reverse bias are completely decoupled with respect to doped regions and allow a novel chemical visualization of the p-n junction in a 2-D fashion. Other electrical properties of the device, such as leakage current, resistiv...

The knowledge of water flow pathways and residence times in a catchment are essential for predicting the hydrological response to a rain storm event. Different experimental techniques are available to study these processes, which are briefly reviewed in this paper. To illustrate this, recent findings from the Weatherley catchment a 1.5 km 2 semi-arid headwater in South-Africa, are reported in t...

The air flow resistivity of glass wool has been measured in different directions. The glass wool was delivered from the manufacturer as slabs measuring 100x600x900 mm3, where the surface 600x900 mm2 was parallel with the conveyor belt used in the manufacturing. Directions in the glass wool are described by a coordinate system with the X axis perpendicular to the conveyor belt, the Z axis in the...

We report the empirical discovery of an exceptionally high cross-B electron transport rate in magnetized plasmas, in which transverse currents are driven with abruptly applied high power. Experiments in three different magnetic geometries are analyzed, covering several orders of magnitude in plasma density, magnetic field strength, and ion mass. It is demonstrated that a suitable normalization ...