Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) into the coastal zone has received increased attention in the last few years as it is now recognized that this process represents an important pathway for material transport. Assessing these material fluxes is difficult, as there is no simple means to gauge the water flux. To meet this challenge, we have explored the use of a continuous radon monitor to mea...

Background: High level radiation areas have been recognized on various parts of the earth. Mahallat hot spring region is one of these areas. Study of exposure in these areas can be helpful in investigating the effects of ionizing radiation. Internal and external exposure to the staff was studied. Materials and Methods: Used materials and instruments include: RSS-112 ionizing chamber fo...

Thoron 220Rn is one of four naturally occurring radon isotopes. It has a half-life T1/2 equal to 55 s. Radon isotopes are chemically inert radioactive gases that occur in the environment as a result of the decay of radioactive elements in soil and minerals. While radon 222Rn results from the decay chain of uranium 238U, thoron 220Rn results from the decay of thorium 232Th. Both uranium and thor...

In high-resolution ? spectrometry 238U decay chain members can be measured by comparing reference material and unknown sample count rates induced the lines assigned to 214Pb 214Bi. Both 214Bi are daughter radionuclides of 222Rn. This noble gas nuclide escape from both natural samples, materials. If this is not properly accounted for, it could become a serious source error when determining radio...

Usually, phosphate deposits contain 238U and 232Th in addition to their decay products. Due to their different pathways in the environment, the 238U/232Th activity concentration ratio usually found to be greater than unity in phosphate sediments. The presence of these radionuclides creates a potential need to control exposure of workers in the mining and processing activities of the phosphate m...

The study of the 222Rn terrestrial flux (Bq/(m2·s) or Bq/(m2·h)) is a complex issue involving both radiation-protection and environmental aspects. While aspects are quite obvious—it has been well known for several decades that soil major source indoor radon—environmental issues such as correlation with conventional pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NOX, etc.) use radon esmation natural component GHG (CO...