The objective of the present work was to investigate the effects of 3 combinatorial techniques (microneedle (MN), electroporation (EP), and sonophoresis (SN)) on the in vitro skin permeation of the hydrophilic macromolecular compound fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD-4; molecular weight (MW) 4.4 kDa). Assessment of the in vitro skin permeation of FD-4 was performed in porcine skin. MN, EP,...

1Center for Orphan Drug Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 2 Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 3 College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 4 UMP MINCEP Epilepsy Care, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 5 Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 6 College of Veterinar...

A series of metallosalen-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been prepared by the post-synthesis modification of Mn(III)SO-MOF, a Mn(3+)(salen)-based MOF. Treatment of Mn(III)SO-MOF with H(2)O(2) effects the removal of the Mn(3+) ions from the salen struts, which can then be remetalated with a variety of metal precursors to form isostructural MSO-MOF materials. The presence of the new me...

In the title coupound, [Mn(C(9)H(6)O(4))(C(12)H(8)N(2))](n), the Mn(II) ion is coordinated by two N atoms [Mn-N = 2.273 (3) and 2.305 (2) Å] from a 1,10-phenanthroline ligand and four O atoms [Mn-O = 2.112 (2)-2.343 (3) Å] from three 5-methyl-isophthalate (mip) ligands in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. Each mip dianion acts as a tetra-dentate ligand connecting three Mn ions. The crystal pack...

We have investigated the coordination modes of NNS Schiff base, thioether ligands to manganese(I) carbonyls. The ligands contain ortho substituted pyridines (H, CH3, OCH3, fluorophenyl) and varying substituents (H, CH3) at the Schiff base linkage. In general, reaction of [Mn(CO)5Br] with a tridentate NNS ligand in CH2Cl2 affords species in which the thioether-S may be bound or unbound to the ma...

Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) has been applied to study core excitations from 1s and 2p Mn orbitals in a series of manganese complexes with oxygen and nitrogen donor ligands. The effect of basis set and functional on the excitation energy was evaluated in detail for one complex, Mn(acac)2 x (H2O)2. The results obtained for a range of compounds, namely, [Mn(Im)6]Cl2, Mn(CH3COO...

Mn 3d electronic states in the dilute magnetic semiconductor Zn(1-x)Mn(x)S (x = 0.1-0.3) are studied using soft x-ray emission (XES) measurements and density functional theory (DFT). Mn L(2,3) emission spectra of Zn(1-x)Mn(x)S (x = 0.1-0.3) suggest that the Mn impurities do not form clusters in the host ZnS lattice, in agreement with previous models. A shift in the position of a Mn L(3) XES fea...

In the title compound, [Mn(C(13)H(16)N(6)O)(CO)(3)](CF(3)O(3)S), the Mn(I) atom has a slightly distorted octa-hedral geometry. The three CO ligands have C-Mn-C angles in the range 89.44 (10)-92.31 (9)°, while the three N atoms of the tripodal ligand form significantly smaller N-Mn-N angles of 82.76 (2)-85.51 (6)°. The three N atoms of the tripodal ligand and the three carbonyl ligands coordinat...

The growth behavior and atomic structure of Mn germanide, grown on Ge(001), is studied with x-ray diffraction and scanning probe microscopy. The amorphous clusters of as-deposited Mn are crystallized into Mn(5)Ge(3) nano-islands with a size of ∼100 nm by solid phase epitaxy. At low coverage, the shape of the nano-islands is plateau-like, while at increased coverage it becomes mound-like. At the...