In this study the effect of different concentrations of some abiotic elicitors (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, cadmium chloride and sodium chloride) with different incubation times (3, 6, 9 and 12) on azadiractin production and cell growth in the cell culture of the Iranian native Neem were investigated. Cell growth rate was measured by changes in dry cell weight and it was used as a basis for ...

conclusions considering possible side effects of heparin and the increase in treatment charges and the fact that using heparin did not have a significant effect on patency and survival of catheters in the studied patients, it is recommended to use normal saline solution to maintain the patency of central venous catheters. results there was no significant difference in the rate of flushing (p = ...

background edible salt is the most commonly used food additive worldwide. therefore, any contamination of table salt could be a health hazard. objectives the present study aimed to determine the levels of heavy metals in table and bakery refined salts. materials and methods eighty-one table refined salt samples and the same number of bakery refined salt samples were purchased from retail market...

The aim of the present study was to test whether intravenous neutral phosphate supplementation, recently shown in our laboratory to acutely stimulate proton secretion in the distal nephron, was able to induce a sustained metabolic alkalosis. Neutral Na and K phosphate supplementation for seven days, with equivalent reduction in chloride supply and unchanged intake of sodium and potassium, in AD...

The aim of this study was to determine whether moderate restriction of dietary salt intake leads to an additional fall in blood pressure in treated hypertensive men who are asked to simultaneously reduce their usual alcohol intake. Sixty-three subjects entered an initial 2-week familiarization period during which they continued their usual alcohol intake and commenced a "low sodium" diet (less ...

Ipratropium bromide is a white to off-white crystalline substance. It is freely soluble in lower alcohols and water, existing in an ionized state in aqueous solutions, and relatively insoluble in non-polar media. Ipratropium bromide nasal solution, 0.06% is a metereddose, manual pump spray unit which delivers 42 mcg ipratropium bromide (on an anhydrous basis) per spray (70 mcL) in an isotonic, ...

Transepithelial and intracellular potentials have been simultaneously recorded from Rhodnius upper Malpighian tubules before and after stimulation of fluid secretion. The transepithelial electrical response to the diuretic hormone mimic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was triphasic; recordings of intracellular potential changes indicated that the three phases represented successive events at the api...

This study examines the nephron segments contributing to the blunted pressure-natriuretic response in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Urine and late proximal and early distal tubular fluid samples were collected from 16-20-week-old, inbred Dahl salt-sensitive (DS/Jr) and salt-resistant (DR/Jr) rats, and Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) rats from the Brookhaven colony, that were mainta...

Salinity is one of the most important limiting factors for growth and product of plants around the world. Identification of salt tolerant varieties and improvement of plants tolerance are the most effective way to increase its performance. Experiments were conducted in a hydroponic system in order to study the reaction of borage (Borago officinalis L.) to salinity in terms of developmental chan...

Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant that is widely cultivated in salt affected soils. This investigation was undertaken to study the effect of NaCl concentration on germination, and the physiological, biochemical and growth characteristics of chamomile. Seed germination and growth were studied at five NaCl concentration levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 190 mM NaCl concentration). Increasing th...