One strategy for maintaining irrigated agricultural productivity in the face of diminishing resource availability is to make greater use of marginal quality waters and lands. A key to sustaining systems using degraded irrigation waters is salinity management. Advanced simulation models and decision support tools can aid in the design and management of water reuse systems, but at present model p...

Maloran, 3-(3-chloro, 4-bromophenyl)-1-methoxy-lmethylurea, is a selective herbicide nematicide used for weed control in corn. The substituted urea herbicides as a group are degraded in the soil by microbial action (3,4,7) with minimal accumulation of phytotoxic residues. Geissbuhler et al. (3) showed that cluroxuron, 3-(p­ chlorophenoxyphenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea was degraded in soil by successi...

Phenamiphos, ethoprop, and carbofuran each at 6.7 kg a.i./ha were applied to squash, southern pea, and corn via injection into a sprinkler irrigation system. This method was then compared with a conventional application of phenamiphos and ethoprop granules spread on the soil surface and incorporated into the top 15 cm for control of Macroposthonia ornata and Meloidogyne incognita. Nematode popu...

Agricultural irrigation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin consumes approximately 80% of the total river water. Whether the irrigation depth matches the water uptake depth of crops is one of the most important factors affecting the efficiency of irrigation water use. Our results indicated that the influence of plastic film on soil water δ(18)O was restricted to 0-30 cm soil depth. B...

Numerous attempts have been made to increase root proliferation by modifying soil profiles possessing undesirable chemical and physical properties. Field and laboratory studies were conducted over a 5-year period on an Evesboro loamy sand (mesic, coated Typic Quartzipsamments) soil from Delaware to determine the effect of organic additions and type of irrigation on corn (Zea mays L.) grain yiel...

residues (Franzluebbers et al., 1994; Rovira and Vallejo, 2002). Maintaining soil C is especially difficult in hot climates. Information Soil C decomposition and retention also depend on is needed regarding the influence of residue biochemical properties residue biochemical quality (Melillo et al., 1982; Heal on decomposition in hot, semiarid climates so that management pracet al., 1997; Senevi...

Understanding soil organic N (ON) pool enrichment may help explain why rates of N fertilization required to attain maximum corn (Zea mays L.) yields are usually lower for corn following soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] than for corn following corn. Our objectives were to quantify the ON pools within a 16-ha Iowa field and to correlate those results with corn yield. Spring and fall measurements ...

Dyes like Brilliant Blue have similar adsorptive behaviour as some organic contaminants, e.g., pesticides. Bromide ions, on the other hand, move much like NO3-N (fertilizer) in soil. Consequently, by using these two tracers, it is possible to in a general way mimic how organic contaminants and fertilizers may move through soils. Three plots with sandy soil in semiarid Tunisia were irrigated dur...

in this study, effect of slope on soil wetting pattern under surface drip irrigation and simulation with hydrus-2d model evaluated.the physical model made of plexiglas to size 83, 6 and 54 cm (length, width, height) filled with silty clay loam soil was used. to achieve the desired discharge, a small drip irrigation system created that includes a water tank with a fixed height (about 2 meters), ...

The agro-hydrological Soil–Water–Atmosphere–Plant (SWAP) model was calibrated and validated to simulate water–salt transport based on field experiments in an arid region of China. The simulation results show lower soil water content but higher salt concentration under deficit irrigation. Soil water and salinity below 95 cm at 80% evapotranspiration (ETc ) treatments and 65 cm at 60% ETc treatme...