BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), proteolytic enzymes that degrade extracellular proteins, is altered after ischemia/reperfusion injury and may contribute to blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Neutrophils, a source of reactive oxygen species and MMP-9, infiltrate damaged tissue 6 to 24 hours after ischemia and have also been implicated in delayed secondary...

It was reported that prevention of acute portal overpressure in small-for-size livers by inflow modulation results in a better postoperative outcome. The aim is to investigate the impact of portal blood flow reduction by splenic artery ligation after major hepatectomy in a murine model. Forty-eight rats were subjected to an 85% hepatectomy or 85% hepatectomy and splenic artery ligation. Both gr...

background and objectives: current chemotherapies of cutaneous leihmaniasis have faced to some problems and limitations; development of new leishmanicidal drugs from different sources like herbal plants, are crucially important. the objective of the present study was evaluation of in vitro activity of alkanna frigida extracts in comparison with glucantime against leishmania major . materials an...

RATIONALE Fever control may improve vascular tone and decrease oxygen consumption, but fever may contribute to combat infection. OBJECTIVES To determine whether fever control by external cooling diminishes vasopressor requirements in septic shock. METHODS In a multicenter randomized controlled trial, febrile patients with septic shock requiring vasopressors, mechanical ventilation, and seda...

A total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has always been associated with moderate to severe pain. As more research is conducted on the use of continuous local infiltration analgesia (CLIA) to manage pain after a TKA, it is necessary to reassess the efficacy and safety of the TKA method. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was to evaluate the efficacy a...

PURPOSE To determine the role of glial cell line-derived neurotropic factor family receptor alpha 4 (GFRalpha4) during retinogenesis in a three-dimensional histiotypic in vitro model of the embryonic chicken retina. METHODS Retinal spheres were cultured from dissociated 6-day-old chicken retina under permanent rotation and transfected with GFRalpha4 siRNA at culture day 2. Alterations on prol...

The cardiac rate and rhythm were studied by 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic recording in 44 patients before, during, and after being discharged from hospital following an acute myocardial infarction. The first recordings were started 48 hours before discharge, the second on the morning of the day of discharge, and the third 48 hours after discharge (at home). While in hospital and after...

recent studies in animal models indicate that recombinant human erythropoietin (rhepo) is very effective in enhancing neurological recovery after spinal cord injury (sci). we aimed to evaluate the effect of rhepo plus methylprednisolone sodium succinate (mpss) compared to mpss alone to improve neurological function of patients after sci in a randomized clinical trial. during a 15-month period 3...