Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling is required for optimal intestinal wound healing. Since n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), specifically docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), alter EGFR signaling and suppress downstream activation of key signaling pathways, we hypothesized that DHA would be detrimental to the process of intestinal wound healing. Using a mouse immortalized c...

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) from fish oil, and butyrate, a fiber fermentation product, work coordinately to protect against colon tumorigenesis in part by inducing apoptosis. We have recently demonstrated that dietary DHA is incorporated into mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, thereby enhancing oxidative stress induced by butyrate metabolism. In order to elucidate the subcellular or...

Considerable research supports cardiovascular benefits of consuming omega-3 PUFA, also known as (n-3) PUFA, from fish or fish oil. Whether individual long-chain (n-3) PUFA have shared or complementary effects is not well established. We reviewed evidence for dietary and endogenous sources and cardiovascular effects on biologic pathways, physiologic risk factors, and clinical endpoints of EPA [2...

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is an active metabolite of artesunate (ARTS) and is highly effective in the treatment of malaria, a life threatening parasitic disease. ARTS causes rapid reduction in parasitemia and fever in patients with falciparum malaria and is associated with a radical cure rate of (> 90%) if administered for a period of 5-7 days. A phase I single oral dose escalation study in heal...

Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial membrane transporter that is expressed mainly in skeletal muscle where it plays an important role in energy expenditure and fat oxidation. In this study, we investigated the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on UCP3 gene expression in C(2)C(12) muscle cells. EPA and DHA up-regulated UCP3 mRNA level in a dose-depe...

We quantified incorporation rates of plasmaderived a-linolenic acid (a-LNA, 18:3n-3) into “stable” liver lipids and the conversion rate of a-LNA to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) in male rats fed, after weaning, an n-3 PUFA-adequate diet (4.6% a-LNA, no DHA) or an n-3 PUFAdeficient diet (0.2% a-LNA, no DHA) for 15 weeks. Unanesthetized rats were infused intravenously with [1-C]a-LNA, and a...

BACKGROUND Artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) are currently the preferred option for treating uncomplicated malaria. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PQP) is a promising fixed-dose ACT with limited information on its safety and efficacy in African children. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The non-inferiority of DHA-PQP versus artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in children 6-59 months old wi...

BACKGROUND Most treatment protocols for vitiligo require a long treatment duration and usually do not result in complete repigmentation. Therefore, cosmetically acceptable and easily to handle alternatives are warranted. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the properties of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in a new formulation for the treatment of vitiligo on exposed areas. METHODS We treated 10 patients suffering...

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) present in fish oils have been ascribed as having significant antithrombotic and antiatherosclerotic effects. Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Recent studies have indicated that serotonin at concentrations present at sites of vascular injury st...

DHA is abundant in the brain. Deficiency of DHA changes behavior in animals. The purpose of the present studies was to clarify the effect of DHA intake on hostility and plasma catecholamines. In study 1, forty-one students took either DHA-rich oil capsules containing 1.5-1.8 g DHA/d (17 females and 5 males) or control oil capsules containing 97% soybean oil plus 3% fish oil (12 females and 7 ma...