This article presents a novel concept, the minimal molecular surface (MMS), for the theoretical modeling of biomolecules. The MMS can be viewed as a result of the surface free energy minimization when an apolar molecule, such as protein, DNA or RNA is immersed in a polar solvent. Based on the theory of differential geometry, the MMS is created via the mean curvature minimization of molecular hy...

The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans switches from yeast growth to filamentous growth in response to genotoxic stresses, in which phosphoregulation of the checkpoint kinase Rad53 plays a crucial role. Here we report that the Pph3/Psy2 phosphatase complex, known to be involved in Rad53 dephosphorylation, is required for cellular responses to the DNA-damaging agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)...

We introduce a novel concept, the minimal molecular surface (MMS), as a new paradigm for the theoretical modeling of biomolecule-solvent interfaces. When a less polar macromolecule is immersed in a polar environment, the surface free energy minimization occurs naturally to stabilizes the system, and leads to an MMS separating the macromolecule from the solvent. For a given set of atomic constra...

15 1 Even though Jansen's NetLingo Internet Dictionary postulates the hyphenised spelling of the word email, i.e. " e-mail " , arguing that email is short for " electronic mail " , it will be spelt without a hyphen in this volume for the simple reason that the language of CMC tends to be reduced, so hyphens do not ¿ t in the concept of shortenings. Also, it can be recognised that people tend to...

Results: The recurrence rate after treatment with MMS was 16% for primary EMPD and 50% for recurrent EMPD. The 5-year tumor-free rates (Kaplan-Meier analysis) were 80% for primary tumors and 56% for recurrent tumors. Using MMS, the salvage rate (and, hence, overall cure rate) was 100%. Margins of 5 cm were required to clear 97% of the tumors. The recurrence rate after non-MMS ( from the literat...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine if ultrasound (US) measurements of anterior neck soft tissue thickness at hyoid bone (DSHB), thyrohyoid membrane (DSEM), and anterior commissure (DSAC) levels can be used to predict difficult laryngoscopy. MATERIAL/METHODS We included 203 patients age 20-65 years scheduled to undergo general anesthesia in this prospective observational study. ...

CONTEXT Nutritional insult in fetal life and small size at birth are common in low-income countries and are associated with serious health consequences. OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) and an early invitation to food supplementation would increase maternal hemoglobin level and birth weight and decrease infant mortality, and to asses...