BACKGROUND The theme of the 2014 Southern African Rural Health Conference was 'Building resilience in facing rural realities'. Retaining health professionals in South Africa is critical for sustainable health services. Only 12% of doctors and 19% of nurses have been retained in the rural areas. The aim of the workshop was to understand from health practitioners why they continued working in the...

Background: Health is an essential component of human rights and the rights are interdependent, indivisible, and correlated. The present study aimed at codifying a multidimensional health index according to multistage index development and describing the status of this index in 22 municipal districts of Tehran.   Methods: This study was conducted using the data collected in the second r...

spatial planning is one of the powerful means for the reduction of transaction costs in the transportation sector. using this approach one can design and determine optimum of urban land use as well as cut down the traveling demand to different places and thereby achieve the reduction of transactions cost. in this paper, though implicitly, we have tried to present and demonstrate a method for re...

OBJECTIVES In this study, we have evaluated the lifetime and past-year prevalence of exposure to physical violence among married women in the city of Tehran and urban and rural areas of Hashtgerd. METHODS The target population were noninstitutionalized female citizens, aged 15 years or older, who have at least one history of marriage and who resided in the capital city of Tehran or Hashtgerd ...

This research presents the geotechnical zoning map of district 1 in Shiraz municipality with focus on allowable bearing capacity of foundation based on data from 160 boreholes. For this purpose, the mechanical properties are determined according to the results of direct shear, uniaxial, and SPT tests and then safe bearing capacity for strip foundations with widths of 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 m, and f...

This article investigates impacts of hospital autonomization in Viet Nam employing a "decision-space" framework that examines how hospitals have used their increased discretion and to what effect. Analysis suggests autonomization is associated with increased revenue, increasing staff pay, and greater investment in infrastructure and equipment. But autonomization is also associated with more cos...

BACKGROUND The Department of Health in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) has run a surgical outreach programme for over a decade.Objective. To quantify the impact of the outreach programme by analysing its effect on the operative capacity of a single rural health district. METHODS During 2012, investigators visited each district hospital in Sisonke Health District (SHD), KZN to quantify surgery undertaken ...

Zithulele Hospital is a deeply rural district hospital in the Eastern Cape province. Beset by staffing, procurement and infrastructure problems, the maternity service in 2005 was poorly organised and offered an inadequate standard of care. By our estimates, nearly 50% of women were still delivering at home. Three years of effort focused on regular auditing to identify problems and improve our s...