OBJECTIVES The utility value attributed to taking pills for prevention can have a major effect on the cost-effectiveness of interventions, but few published studies have systematically quantified this value. We sought to quantify the utility value of taking pills used for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Central North Carolina. PARTICIPANT...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether medication regimen complexity and/or polypharmacy are associated with all-cause mortality in older people. METHODS This was a population-based cohort study among community-dwelling and institutionalized people ≥60 years old (n = 3348). Medication regimen complexity was assessed using the 65-item Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) in 10-unit steps. Pol...

OBJECTIVES Estimate the effect of statin prescription on mortality in the population of England and Wales with no previous history of cardiovascular disease. METHODS Primary care records from The Health Improvement Network 1987-2011 were used. Four cohorts of participants aged 60, 65, 70, or 75 years at baseline included 118,700, 199,574, 247,149, and 194,085 participants; and 1.4, 1.9, 1.8, ...

We report the nature and causes of childhood injuries leading to hospitalization or death in North Carolina. Based on an 89 per cent sample of 1980 hospital discharges of children between 0 and 19 years of age, the overall annual rate of trauma-related hospitalizations was 80 per 10,000. The rate varied from 119 per 10,000 for the 15-19 year age group to 56 per 10,000 for children between ages ...

Background Although tests for occult blood in the feces are widely used to screen for colorectal cancers, there is no conclusive evidence that they reduce mortality from this cause. We evaluated a fecal occult-blood test in a randomized trial and documented its effectiveness. Methods We randomly assigned 46,551 participants 50 to 80 years of age to screening for colorectal cancer once a year, t...

The own-age bias (OAB) refers to recognition memory being more accurate for people of our own age than other age groups (e.g., Wright and Stroud, 2002). This paper investigated whether the OAB effect is present during construction of human faces (also known as facial composites, often for forensic/police use). In doing so, it adds to our understanding of factors influencing both facial memory a...

Background and Aim: The rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China has led to a public health crisis. Dental professionals have a major role in preventing the viral infection cycle. This study targeted to investigate the knowledge of 140 dental assistants in Tehran, Iran, about COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tehran, Iran, u...

a wide range of population, 4% to 30%, suffers from tinnitus that is defined as perception of sound without apparent acoustic stimulus. we conducted the present study to determine the prevalence of tinnitus in iranian population; tehran province. this cross-sectional study was conducted from january 2009 to december 2009, recruiting 3207 individuals (age range, 7-98) who were residing in tehran...

This study attempted to investigate the relationship between depression and self-confidence among children with visual impairment. It also aimed at identifying gender differences in this regard. The descriptive-comparative method was utilized. participants were (80) impairment (45 males – 35 females) (9 - 12) years of age (mean age= 10.6; SD= 1.06).  They recruited from Al-Nour School for blind...

Aims: Chronic diseases strongly affect the severity of infection and mortality in patients with COVID-19. High levels of ferritin also indicate the severity of the disease and may indicate the presence of secondary infections among patients. The aim of this study was to compare ferritin levels in diabetic patients with COVID-19 and non-diabetic patients with COVID-19 based on age and gender gro...