The Arab Spring which began on 17 December 2010 with the civil rebellions, revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests in the Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain and Syria. The Arab Spring not only created a domino effect between Arabic countries but also it reflected a significant influence on the financial markets all over the world. The objective of this study is to analyze the impac...

Saudi Arabia is the third-largest country in the Middle East by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the third-largest Arab country. It is bordered by Jordan and Iraq to the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates to the east, Oman in the southeast, and Yemen in the south. It is also connected to Bahrain by the King Fahad Causeway. The Persian G...

In Arab countries, women have far fewer opportunities than men do to acquire essential capabilities and to utilise them effectively on a broad front. They are also more widely deprived than men of their civil and human rights. In human development terms, such deprivation is seen as the main characteristic of " the marginalisation of women ". Women's opportunities to develop and utilise their ca...

The United Arab Emirates is a peninsular country located on the south-west side of the Arabian (Persian) Gulf and on the north-west banks of the Gulf of Oman (Figure 1). With an area of 83 600 square kilometres (Al Abed et al. 1996: 269), the United Arab Emirates consists of seven emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al-Qawain, Ras alKhaimah and Fujairah. It was known prior to confed...

Instant messaging (IM) technology has received extensive focus in the West while there is lack of knowledge of it in the Arab world. This study aims to shed light on factors affecting IM usage and user satisfaction in an Arab country (Kuwait). To achieve this objective, this study develops a theoretical model that is based on three well-known models. This model includes curiosity (from the theo...

A fter losing the presidential elections in Iran in 2009, candidate Mir-Hossein Mousavi and his supporters claimed electoral fraud and confronted the regime forces in bloody clashes. In January 2011, president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (in office since 1987) fled Tunisia after massive demonstrations spread through the country. After that, a number of Arab countries experienced their own demonstra...

since the beginning of the arab spring, scholars in different fields around the world have studied it, exploiting various approaches. one of these approaches is the cultural change in which survival and self-expression values are analysed. this approach is discussed in the present paper. given that collective actions in every country are in line with its cultural values and cultural changes, th...