OBJECTIVE To discover design principles underlying the optimal waveforms for external chest and abdominal compression and decompression during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHOD A 14-compartment mathematical model of the human cardiopulmonary system is used to test successive generations of randomly mutated external compression waveforms during cardiac arrest and r...

BACKGROUND It is known that intra-abdominal hypertension has high morbidity in acute pancreatitis and has detrimental effects on patients. For third trimester pregnancy complicated by acute pancreatitis, the intra-abdominal pressure may have its own characteristic. This article will discuss this clinical scenario. METHODS This observational study in a cohort group was performed in the surgica...

BACKGROUND Increasing intra-abdominal volume (IAV) can lead to intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) or abdominal compartment syndrome. Both are associated with raised morbidity and mortality. IAH can increase airway pressures and impair ventilation. The relationship between increasing IAV and airway pressures is not known. We therefore assessed the effect of increasing IAV on airway and intra-abd...

A novel method for evaluating the urethral resistance during abrupt elevation of abdominal pressure was developed in spinalized female rats under urethane anesthesia. Electrical stimulation of abdominal muscles for 1 s induced increases in both the intra-abdominal and the intravesical pressure in a stimulus-dependent manner, and the bladder response was almost lost when the abdomen was opened. ...

BACKGROUND Postoperative hemorrhage is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following liver resection. It typically presents early within the postoperative period, and conservative management is possible in the majority of cases. We present a case of late post-hepatectomy hemorrhage associated with overt abdominal compartment syndrome resulting from a localized functional compartment ...

UNLABELLED Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at risk of developing of intra abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). AIM This review seeks to define IAH and ACS, identify the aetiology and presentation of IAH and ACS, identify IAP measurement techniques, identify current management and discuss the implications of IAH and ACS for nursing practice. A se...