Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., rprocess) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations demonstrate that the earliest generations of stars in the Galaxy, responsible for neutron-capture synthesis and the progenitors of the halo stars, were rapidly evolving. Abundance comparisons among large numbers of stars provide clue...

Groundand space-based observations of stellar heavy element abundances are providing a clearer picture of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. A large number of (r)apid and (s)low neutron capture process elements, including the first Hubble Space Telescope observations of Pt, Os, Pb and Ge, have been identified in metal-poor, galactic halo stars. In the very low metallicity (i.e. [Fe/H] < –2.0...

Lithium abundances in a selected sample of halo stars have been revised by using the new accurate IRFM effective temperatures by Alonso, Arribas & Mart́ınez-Roger (1996a). From 41 plateau stars (Teff > 5700 and [Fe/H]≤ -1.5) we found no evidence for intrinsic dispersion, a tiny trend with Teff and no trend with [Fe/H]. The trend with the Teff is fully consistent with the standard Li isochrones o...

Like any company that manages its resources with an eye on profitability, a cell regulates its constituent biomolecules, compensating for changes in internal function, external conditions, and sector or organismal trends. This issue’s Select focuses on new findings that reveal broad insights into how dynamic changes in RNAs and proteins are made and how those changes impact cellular function an...

Rabbits fed low-fat, cholesterol-free diets containing casein as the sole protein source develop endogenous hypercholesterolemia (EH). To test the hypothesis that lipoprotein cholesteryl esters in EH rabbits are acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) derived, we treated EH rabbits with CI-976, a potent and selective ACAT inhibitor. In addition, since cholesterol and bile acid synthe...

The digitisation of content combined with a global network for delivery and an open system for sharing has seen radical changes in many industries. The economic model which has underpinned many content based industries has been based on an assumption of scarcity. With a digital, open, networked approach we are witnessing a shift to abundance of content, and subsequently new economic models are ...

The generation of a kination-dominated phase by a quintessential exponential model is investigated and the parameters of the model are restricted so that a number of observational constraints (originating from nucleosynthesis, the present acceleration of the universe and the dark-energy-density parameter) are satisfied. The decoupling of a thermal cold dark matter particle during the period of ...

In 1976 a National Research Council Panel estimated that Western World lithium reserves and resources totaled 10.6 million tonnes as elemental lithium. Subsequent discoveries, particularly in brines in the southern Andes and the plateaus of western China and Tibet have increased the tonnages significantly. Geothermal brines and lithium bearing clays add to the total. This current estimate total...

B iomarkers are clinical, molecular, or image-based measurable parameters that can characterize an individual’s specific biological state, whether normal, pathological, or in response to treatment. A biomarker is considered of clinically valuable if (1) it can be measured repeatedly with accuracy and relatively rapid clinical turnaround, (2) it provides unique, superior information on patient s...