Knowledge about the stability of drugs in biological specimens is critical to proper interpretation of test results. Literature pertaining to the stability of drugs of abuse in blood, urine, saliva, and tissue specimens is reviewed in this article. Ethanol-related information are also included as it is an abused drug and its stability in blood and urine has been the subject of many studies. Oth...

Using a prospective cohort design, the authors examined in this study whether childhood victimization increases the risk for illicit drug use and related problems in middle adulthood. Court-documented cases of childhood physical and sexual abuse and neglect and matched controls (N = 892) were first assessed as young adults (mean age = 29 years) during 1989-1995 and again in middle adulthood (me...

BACKGROUND Evidence points toward shared characteristics between female survivors of sexual abuse and women with dyspareunia. This study explored, for the first time, similarities and differences between women who were exposed to sexual abuse to those with dyspareunia, in order to examine whether insecure attachment styles and high somatization level are associated with trauma among women with ...

Perceptions of two groups of minority adolescent mothers (those who reported childhood sexual abuse and those who did not) were examined by analyzing their responses to four open-ended questions. Responses of sexually abused (SA) and non-sexually abused (NSA) respondents were studied, and themes that emerged from the data were derived. The responses from the groups were compared, and major them...

IMPLICATIONS Amphetamines are powerful, sympathomimetic amines that, when used chronically, can profoundly effect a patient's cardiovascular stability during anesthesia and surgery. Amphetamines are the third most widely abused class of drugs in the United States. They also have legitimate medical use for attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, exogenous obesity, and narcolepsy. We repor...

Tramadol is an opioid analgesic with the potential for addiction to other opioids, and one of the abused drugs in different countries including Iran. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and factors relating to tramadol abuse among higher education students in the city of Damghan in 2016. The present descriptive-analytical study enrolled 730 students from seven higher edu...

Sir, Inhalants are commonly abused drugs in adolescent population though often unrecognized. On long‐term use they can result in serious sequels like optic atrophy and psychosis, resembling schizophrenia, and thus need awareness among physicians and psychiatrists. While there have been case reports on inhalant abuse in India,[1] there has been no report describing psychosis following toluene us...