From the aerial part of Acanthus ebracteatus, a megastigmane glycoside (ebracteatoside A), three aliphatic alcohol glycosides (ebracteatosides B-D), as well as 7-chloro-(2R)-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (7-Cl-DIBOA-Glc) were isolated together with 22 known compounds. Structural elucidations were based on analyses of spectroscopic data.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS A number of different types of flower-visiting animals coexist in any given habitat. What evolutionary and ecological factors influence the subset of these that a given plant relies on for its pollination? Addressing this question requires a mechanistic understanding of the importance of different potential pollinators in terms of visitation rate (pollinator 'quantity') and ...

The condition of mangrove forest in Sungai Kakap is currently decreasing quality due to the daily activities community area that often utilizes forests as a necessity material, land conversion be used plantations and existence piers / ports center river transportation. This situation has effect on changes composition vegetation diversity. study aims find out diversity species Kubu Raya Regency....

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of the methanol extract of Acanthus montanus on guinea pig trachealis muscle. Methods: Guinea pig tracheae were set up in 10 ml organ baths. The effect of the methanol extract of Acanthus montanus (0.5 8 mg/ml) on the spontaneous tone of the trachea and carbacholprecontracted trachea in the absence and presence of propranolol, glibenclamide and procaine was stud...

Nine species of gastrointestinal helminths were found in southern black-backed gulls (Larus dominicanus Lichstenstein, 1823) from Otago Peninsula. Eight of these, Parorchis acanthus, Echinostoma revolutum and Echinoparyphium recurvatum (Trematoda), Dildotaenia latovarium and Hymenolepis alaskensis (Cestoda), Sciadiocara tarapunga (Nematoda), and Profilicollis antarcticus and P. novaezelandensis...