Although members of the L1 (LINE-1) clade of non-LTR retrotransposons can be deleterious, the L1 clade has remained active in most mammals for ∼100 million years and generated almost 40% of the human genome. The details of L1-host interaction are largely unknown, however. Here we report that L1 activity requires phosphorylation of the protein encoded by the L1 ORF1 (ORF1p). Critical phospho-acc...

The electron donor-acceptor complexes, which undergo intramolecular charge transfer under external stimulus, are an emerging class of materials showing important application in nonlinear optics. Synthesizing ferrocene/fullerene complexes through face-to-face fusion would enjoy the merits of both ferrocene and fullerene due to their strong donor-acceptor interactions. Four ferrocene/fullerene hy...

Fossil fuels and fossil fuel derived chemicals are limited, non-renewable, and foreseen to run out in the near future. To find viable solutions for the production of renewable fuels and chemicals, significant efforts are being made by the scientific community. For example, some microorganisms have been shown to produce fuels or chemicals using renewable electricity charged electrodes as electro...

Multiphoton upconversion is a process where two or more photons are absorbed simultaneously to excite an electron to an excited state and, subsequently, the relaxation of electron gives rise to the emission of a photon with frequency greater than those of the absorbed photons. Materials possessing such property attracted attention due to applications in biological imaging, photodynamic therapy,...

A novel donor-acceptor bisphthalocyanine (bis-Pc, 1) in which two different Pc units (Zn(II)-Pc and Ni(II)-Pc) are linked via vinylene spacers to the pseudopara positions of a central [2.2]paracyclophane moiety is described. The synthesis of 1 is achieved by two successive Heck reactions of pseudopara-divinyl[2.2]paracyclophane 9 with, sequentially, a zinc(II)- and a nickel(II)-iodophthalocyani...

The hydrolysis of the donor substrate uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-Gal) by human blood group B galactosyltransferase (GTB) has been followed by nuclear magnetic resonance in the presence and in the absence of an acceptor substrate analog. It is observed that the presence of the acceptor substrate analog promotes hydrolysis of UDP-Gal. Subsequent analysis of the kinetics of the enzymatic h...

Carbonyl-carbonyl (C=O···C'=O') interactions are ubiquitous in both small and large molecular systems. This interaction involves delocalization of a lone pair (n) of a donor oxygen into the antibonding orbital (π*) of an acceptor carbonyl group. Analyses of high-resolution protein structures suggest that these carbonyl-carbonyl interactions prefer to occur in pairs, that is, one donor per accep...