The inoculation and acclimatization of activated sludge (AS) is one of the vital components to provide preferably suspended aerobic growth and desired treatment mechanism for a treated wastewater using MBR. The performance of a floating media biofilter-submerged membrane bioreactor (FMB-SMBR) and a submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR) were investigated during the acclimatization. It...

Maximal exercise heart rate (HRmax) is reduced after acclimatization to hypobaric hypoxia. The low HRmax contributes to reduce maximal cardiac output (Qmax) and may limit maximal O2 uptake (VO2max). The objective of these experiments was to test the hypothesis that the reduction in Qmax after acclimatization to hypoxia, due, in part, to the low HRmax, limits VO2max. If this hypothesis is correc...

High altitude acclimatization is a series of physiological responses taking places when subjects go to altitude. Many factors could influence these processes, such as altitude, ascending speed and individual characteristics. In this study, based on a repeated measurement design of three sequential measurements at baseline, acute phase and chronic phase, we evaluated the effect of BMI, smoking a...

We investigated how acclimatization effects achieved during a high-altitude alpinist expedition influence endurance performance, ventilation ([Formula: see text]) and blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) in normoxic (NOR) and hypoxic conditions (HYP). An incremental testing protocol on a cycle ergometer was used to determine the power output corresponding to the Lactate (PLT) and Ventilatory Threshol...

Acclimatization to decompression stress has been reported in caisson workers and helium-oxygen divers; however the alternative notion that the risk of decompression sickness increases with successive days of diving is widespread. We examined 201 multi-day series of 2 to 29 diving days identified retrospectively in a database of occupational air dives for evidence of acclimatization or sensitiza...

The biodegradation of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), a synthetic replacement detergent builder, in the estuarine environment was examined by using a laboratory estuarine simulation. Two interdependent microcosms were used; each of five vessels was equilibrated with a saline gradient between 1.30 and 17.17%, with the final vessel subsequently being increased to a maximum salinity of 31.6%. Each mi...

Long-lasting cardioprotection may be attained by chronic hypoxia. The basal parameters of contractile function and their response to hypoxia/reoxygenation were measured under isometric conditions, in papillary muscles isolated from left ventricle of rats that were submitted to 53.8 kPa in a hypobaric chamber from 7 wk of age and for their lifetime and of their siblings kept at 101.3 kPa. During...

Ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia is associated with an increase in ventilation under conditions of acute hyperoxia (VEhyperoxia) and an increase in acute hypoxic ventilatory response (AHVR). This study compares 48-h exposures to isocapnic hypoxia (protocol I) with 48-h exposures to poikilocapnic hypoxia (protocol P) in 10 subjects to assess the importance of hypocapnic alkalosis in genera...

Studies on thermal acclimation in insects are often performed on animals acclimated in the laboratory under conditions that are not ecologically relevant. Costs and benefits of acclimation responses under such conditions may not reflect costs and benefits in natural populations subjected to daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations. Here we estimated costs and benefits in thermal tolerance li...