Lipmann and Tuttle (1) discovered that certain bacterial extracts catalyze a rapid interchange of inorganic and acetyl-bound phosphate. They suggested that this exchange might be due in part to a reversibility of the phosphoroclastic decomposition of pyruvate; however, the observation that the exchange was surprisingly unaffected by addition of acetyl acceptors like formate led them to suspect ...

UNLABELLED In many eukaryotes, the carnitine shuttle plays a key role in intracellular transport of acyl moieties. Fatty acid-grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells employ this shuttle to translocate acetyl units into their mitochondria. Mechanistically, the carnitine shuttle should be reversible, but previous studies indicate that carnitine shuttle-mediated export of mitochondrial acetyl units t...

Coenzyme A (CoA) is a ubiquitous and fundamental intracellular cofactor. CoA acts as a carrier of metabolically important carboxylic acids in the form of CoA thioesters and is an obligatory component of a multitude of catabolic and anabolic reactions. Acetyl CoA is a CoA thioester derived from catabolism of all major carbon fuels. This metabolite is at a metabolic crossroads, either being furth...

We and others previously described the melanoma-associated oncofetal glycosphingolipid antigen 9-O-acetyl-GD3, a disialoganglioside O-acetylated at the 9-position of the outer sialic acid residue. We have now developed methods to examine the biosynthesis and turnover of disialogangliosides in cultured melanoma cells and in Golgi-enriched vesicles from these cells. O-Acetylation was selectively ...

Two isoenzymes of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30) (Hex A and Hex B) from human seminal plasma were purified to homogeneity with specific activities of 26 and 60 units/mg of protein respectively. N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity was inseparable from N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase activity in both Hex A and Hex B by various conventional chromatographic procedures. Althoug...

Metabolic enzymes rarely regulate informational processes like gene expression. Yeast acetyl-CoA synthetases (Acs1p and 2p) are exceptional, as they are important not only for carbon metabolism but also are shown here to supply the acetyl-CoA for histone acetylation by histone acetyltransferases (HATs). acs2-Ts mutants exhibit global histone deacetylation, transcriptional defects, and synthetic...