نتایج جستجو برای: actin cortex

تعداد نتایج: 191775  

2011
Thomas W. Marshall Isaac E. Lloyd Jean Marie Delalande Inke Näthke Jody Rosenblatt

Despite high rates of cell death, epithelia maintain intact barriers by squeezing dying cells out using a process termed cell extrusion. Cells can extrude apically into the lumen or basally into the tissue the epithelium encases, depending on whether actin and myosin contract at the cell base or apex, respectively. We previously found that microtubules in cells surrounding a dying cell target p...

Journal: :The Journal of Cell Biology 1982
A R Strauch J R LaFountain

Spermatocytes of the crane-fly, Nephrotoma suturalis, were attached to electron microscope grids and then sheared by applying centrifugal force. Transmission electron microscopy of exposed regions of the cell cortex revealed networks containing arrays of filamentous structures. Networks were present in sheared spermatocytes at all stages of meiosis. The networks of dividing spermatocytes (meta-...

2015
Jeremy S. Logue Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera Michelle A. Baird Michael W. Davidson S. Chadwick Clare M. Waterman Richard S. Chadwick

15 Within the confines of tissues, cancer cells can use blebs to migrate. Eps8 is an actin bundling and 16 capping protein whose capping activity is inhibited by Erk, a key MAP kinase that is activated by 17 oncogenic signaling. We tested the hypothesis that Eps8 acts as an Erk effector to modulate actin 18 cortex mechanics and thereby mediate bleb-based migration of cancer cells. Cells confine...

Journal: :Current Biology 2009
Magdalena Bezanilla Pat Wadsworth

To divide asymmetrically, the mitotic spindle is moved from the cell center to the cortex, a process that requires astral microtubules and the microtubule-based motor dynein. New work examining spindle positioning in large oocytes shows that in these cells actin and actin polymerization plays a key role.

Journal: :Current Biology 2006
David R. Kovar

Formins assemble actin filaments that are typically arranged in long bundles. A new study has discovered that a fission yeast polarity formin transiently assembles short actin filaments at the cell tip, and then releases from the cortex and rides into the cell interior on filaments within the bundle.

Journal: :The Journal of Cell Biology 2003
Elizabeth E. Grevengoed Donald T. Fox Julie Gates Mark Peifer

The proto-oncogenic kinase Abelson (Abl) regulates actin in response to cell signaling. Drosophila Abl is required in the nervous system, and also in epithelial cells, where it regulates adherens junction stability and actin organization. Abl acts at least in part via the actin regulator Enabled (Ena), but the mechanism by which Abl regulates Ena is unknown. We describe a novel role for Abl in ...

Journal: :Genes & development 2007
Gian Carlo Bellenchi Christine B Gurniak Emerald Perlas Silvia Middei Martine Ammassari-Teule Walter Witke

Many neuronal disorders such as lissencephaly, epilepsy, and schizophrenia are caused by the abnormal migration of neurons in the developing brain. The role of the actin cytoskeleton in neuronal migration disorders has in large part remained elusive. Here we show that the F-actin depolymerizing factor n-cofilin controls cell migration and cell cycle progression in the cerebral cortex. Loss of n...

Journal: :Cellular & molecular biology letters 2001
Wolfgang Feneberg Erich Sackmann

We applied a recently developed magnetic bead micro-rheometer (Magnetic Tweezers) to investigate the influence of actin on the properties of the cell membrane of endothelial cells (HUVEC). Superparamagnetic beads of a diameter of 4.5 µm are coated with different integrin-binding proteins (e.g. fibronectin, collagen IV, invasin) and thus linked to the actin cortex. Via an external magnetic coil ...

2016
Agathe Chaigne Clément Campillo Raphaël Voituriez Nir S Gov Cécile Sykes Marie-Hélène Verlhac Marie-Emilie Terret

Mitotic spindle position relies on interactions between astral microtubules nucleated by centrosomes and a rigid cortex. Some cells, such as mouse oocytes, do not possess centrosomes and astral microtubules. These cells rely only on actin and on a soft cortex to position their spindle off-centre and undergo asymmetric divisions. While the first mouse embryonic division also occurs in the absenc...

Journal: :The Journal of Cell Biology 1997
Terry Lechler Rong Li

We have developed a biochemical approach for identifying the components of cortical actin assembly sites in polarized yeast cells, based on a permeabilized cell assay that we established for actin assembly in vitro. Previous analysis indicated that an activity associated with the cell cortex promotes actin polymerization in the bud. After inactivation by a chemical treatment, this activity can ...

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