OBJECTIVE To review the components of calcium, phosphate and magnesium metabolism that are relevant to the critically ill patient, in a two-part presentation. DATA SOURCES A review of articles reported on calcium, phosphate and magnesium disorders in the critically ill patient. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Abnormal calcium metabolism in the critically ill patient often presents with an alteration in p...

Organophosphate poisoning in the context of self-harm is a common medical emergency in Asia. Prolonged muscle weakness is an important but poorly understood cause of morbidity and mortality of the poisoning. This study examined mitochondrial function and its modulation by nitric oxide in muscle weakness of rats exposed to an acute, oral (0.8LD(50)) dose of monocrotophos. Muscle mitochondrial AT...

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is mainly classified into acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). Although diagnosis of GBS requires progressive weakness and universal areflexia or hyporeflexia, cases of GBS with preserved or increased deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) have been increasingly recognized. We report three cases of GBS, presenting at...

A young male presented with acute onset with progressive weakness of all limbs, right more than left. MRI revealed intramedullary hematoma mainly at C2 level. Surgical evacuation of hematoma was done and patient improved following surgery and physiotherapy.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presents with symptoms related to pancytopenia (weakness, infections, bleeding diathesis) and organ infiltration with leukemic cells. Galactorrhea is an uncommon manifestation of AML. We report a case of AML presenting with galactorrhea.

background & importance: acute autonomic system impairment can be dangerous and life-threatening, and a clinician should be aware of its occurrence possibility. according to the anatomy of this system, spinal cord lesions could disturb its function. there are many reports of autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord i njuries especially spinal cord trauma. case presentation: a 28 year-old man with a...