primary clear cell adenocarcinomas most commonly involve the genitourinary system, including the vagina. previously, primary clear cell adenocarcinomas of the vagina have been discussed within the context of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol. due to its widely proven role in the development of this carcinoma, administration of diethylstilbestrol is prohibited. we present two cases of non-...

cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in the world which appears by the effect of enviromental physico-chemical mutagen and carcinogen agents. the identification of new cytotoxic drugs with low side effects on immune system has developed as important area in new studies of immunopharmacology. thymoquinone (tq), derived from the medicinal spice nigella sativa (also called black cumin) ex...

abstract background: esophageal cancer is one of the major malignancies, with various epidemiological aspects in recent years in developing countries, including increased prevalence and variations of pathologic patterns. this may be due to increasing rates of barrett’s esophagus, gastroesophageal reflux, smoking and obesity. this study was performed from 1991 to 2005 in order to evaluate variou...

background: colorectal adenocarcinoma is one of the most prevalent and treatable malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. pattern of expression of the p53, p21, p16, e-cadherin and |î²|-catenin proteins are shown to be related to the prognosis of this malignancy. we aimed to compare the pattern of expression of these proteins in tumoral and nontumoral mucosal cells of cancer and on-cancer pa...

Adenocarcinoma is an uncommon malignancy in the urinary bladder which may arise primarily in the bladder as well as secondarily from a number of other organs. Our aim is to provide updated information on primary and secondary bladder adenocarcinomas, with focus on pathologic features, differential diagnosis, and clinical relevance. Primary bladder adenocarcinoma exhibits several different growt...

adenocarcinoma in situ is one of the premalignant lesions of the cervix and its incidence is believed to be increasing while the pathogenesis of the disease is not clearly understood. management of adenocarcinoma in situ (ais) unlike carcinoma in situ (cis) has not been clearly described in the current literature. here we describe conservative management and serial  olposcopy of two pregnant wo...

Background: Leptomeningeal disease occurs in 3-5% of patients with lung cancer, mainly adenocarcinoma subtype. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological finding Asian women.
 Case: A 51-year-old woman right-sided bronchogenic T4N3M1c Std IVB mutation(+) developed decreased vision, severe bilateral sensorineural deafness and psychiatric disorders after receiving Gefitinib 15 months. Th...

Observational studies suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma, but it is not known at what stage they may act in the esophageal inflammation-metaplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence. In an all-Ireland case-control study, we investigated the relationship between the use of NSAIDs and risk of reflux esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and es...

BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) is uncommon in Eastern countries, including Japan, but it is believed that the incidence of EGJ adenocarcinoma will increase in Asia in the future due to the decreasing incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a minimally invasive and curative treatment that allows precise pathological a...