Researchers have long disagreed about whether number concepts are essentially continuous (unchanging) or discontinuous over development. Among those who take the discontinuity position, there is disagreement about how development proceeds. The current study addressed these questions with new quantitative analyses of children's incorrect responses on the Give-N task. Using data from 280 children...

Traditionally, transactions were carried out face-toface, now, they are carried out over the Internet. The infrastructure for the above business and information exchange could be client-server, peer-to-peer or mobile network environments, and very often users on the network carry out interactions in one of three forms: • Anonymous (No names are identified in the communication) • Pseudo-anonymou...

There are at least three core principles that define the chance role: (1) the Principal Principle, (2) the Basic Chance Principle, and (3) the Humean Principle. These principles seem mutually incompatible. At least, no extant account of chance meets more than one of them. I offer an account of chance which meets all three: L*-chance. So the good news is that L*-chance meets (1)–(3). The bad new...

Simultaneous learning of multiple functions is one of the fundamental issues not only to design intelligent robots but also to understand human’s cognitive developmental process since we, human, do so in our daily lives but we do not know how to do. Drawing an analogy to the well-known bias in child language development, we propose the mutual exclusivity selection principle (μX principle) for l...

The concept of minimum length, widely accepted as a low-energy effect quantum gravity, manifests itself in mechanics through generalized uncertainty principles. Curved momentum space, on the other hand, is at heart similar applications such doubly special relativity. We introduce duality between theories yielding principles and nontrivial space. In particular, we find canonically conjugate vari...

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle is usually taken to express a limitation of operational possibilities imposed by quantum mechanics. Here we demonstrate that the full content of this principle also includes its positive role as a condition ensuring that mutually exclusive experimental options can be reconciled if an appropriate trade-off is accepted. The uncertainty principle is shown to appe...