Glassy carbon electrodes covalently modified with a phenanthroimidazole mediator promote electrochemical alcohol and ether oxidation: three orders of magnitude increase in TON, to 15 000 in each case, was observed compared with homogeneous mediated reactions. We propose the deactivation pathways in homogeneous solution are prevented by the immobilization: modified electrode reversibility is inc...

Activation parameters for each reaction step in the kinetic mechanism of liver alcohol dehydrogenase have been measured for the oxidation of ethanol and the reduction of acetaldehyde. In the oxidation process, the highest enthalpy of activation, 9.7 kcal/mol, occurs for the turnover of the liver alcohol dehydrogenase-NAD(+)-ethanol ternary complex. To investigate if this enthalpy requirement re...

The kinetics of oxidation cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol and cyclooctanol using Chloramine T in NaOH has been studied in the micellar phase using sodium dodecyl sulphate in the temperature range 30°C to 50°C to correlate the oxidation rate with the ring size of the cyclic alcohols. The effect of alcohol concentration, concentration of oxidising agent, ionic strength and temperature on the oxidatio...

This review concerns important events and trends in the evolution of chemical tests for alcohol intoxication on two continents; Europe and North America. In particular, the pioneer workers in this field and their major contributions to forensic alcohol analysis are emphasized. Quantitative methods for the determination of alcohol in blood, breath, and urine appeared early in the twentieth centu...

A system involving two polymer-supported reagents for the selective and organocatalytic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones has been developed in which both polymeric reagents can be recovered and reused.

Pd(OAc)(2):pyridine (1:4) is an efficient catalyst system for the oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen. A mechanistic study of this reaction reveals that pyridine promotes the aerobic oxidation of palladium(0) but inhibits the oxidation of alcohol by palladium(II). Kinetic results reveal that turnover-limiting substrate oxidation consists of (i) formation of a palladium(II)-alkoxide, (ii...

When rats are allowed a choice between dilute alcohol and water, voluntary alcohol consumption may be used to separate them into several groups, since alcohol consumption is characteristic of the animal. Mardones and coworkers (1) have shown that the amount of alcohol consumed is partly determined by the genetic background of the rats, the number of those classified as “drinkers” having been in...