There is little information regarding the effect of hypoxia on alveolar fluid clearance capacity. We measured alveolar fluid clearance, lung water volume, plasma catecholamine concentrations, and serum osmolality in rats exposed to 10% oxygen for up to 120 h and explored the mechanisms responsible for the increase in alveolar fluid clearance. The principal results were 1) alveolar fluid clearan...

Recent permeability studies comparing endothelial cell phenotypes derived from alveolar and extra-alveolar vessels have significant implications for interpreting the mechanisms of fluid homeostasis in the intact lung. These studies indicate that confluent monolayers of rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells had a hydraulic conductance (L(p)) that was only 5% and a transendothelial flux r...

introduction: it has been shown that gama-ifn is one of the major cytokines involved in lung fibrosis. it has also been demonstrated that nitric oxide (no) may exert vasodilation, edema and cytotoxicity, and it may stimulate cytokinedependent processes in the lungs. in this study, the effect of 17-beta estradiol (17-betae2) and five alpha dihydrotestosterone (5alfa-dht) on no release by tgf bet...

Alveolar epithelial type I cells cover most of the internal surface area of the lungs. Ultrastructural studies demonstrate that alveolar epithelial type I cell damage is frequently observed in acute and chronic lung diseases. This article discusses the use of cell-selective proteins as markers for the investigation of injury and repair of the alveolar epithelium. The utility of proteins specifi...

The ultrastructure of the layer of alveolar sacs of Tetrahymena thermophila and its relationship with the plasma membrane were examined in thin sections and freeze-fracture replicas. In thin sections, the plasma membrane and outer alveolar membrane are seen to parallel each other closely and are linked by struts 9 ran wide spaced at 9 nm intervals. The plasma and alveolar membranes have differe...

paresthesia is a burning or prickling sensation or partial numbness, resulting from neural injury. the symptoms can vary from mild neurosensory dysfunction to total loss of sensation in the innervated area. only a few cases have described apical periodontitis to be the etiological factor of impaired sensation in the area innervated by the inferior alveolar and mental nerves. the aim of the pres...

PURPOSE To determine the nature of hyaline membranes in different manifestations of diffuse alveolar damage, [pulmonary and extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome], and idiopathic [acute interstitial pneumonia]. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pulmonary specimens were obtained from 17 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and 9 patients with acute interstitial pneumonia. They we...

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a well-known adverse effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. However, it remains unknown how lung toxicities are induced by mTOR inhibitors. Here, we constructed a mouse model of mTOR inhibitor-induced ILD using temsirolimus and examined the pathogenesis of the disease. Male ICR mice were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of differen...

BACKGROUND Alveolar fluid clearance is impaired in the majority of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Experimental studies have shown that a reduction of tidal volume increases alveolar fluid clearance. This study was aimed at assessing the impact of the response to a recruitment maneuver (RM) on net alveolar fluid clearance. METHODS In 15 patients with ARDS, pulmonary ...