Abstract A digital meter measuring the signal-to-noise ratio in channel for transmitting discrete information with a constant amplitude of symbols that are phase or frequency shift keyed signals is proposed. The desired value determined based on number exceedings threshold level by modulus logarithm amplitudes received and previous sample specified size, while itself invariant to absolute level...

Next generation wireless communication technology long term evolution (LTE) has implemented orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique as a strong candidate for radio access systems. It has several attributes such as providing robustness to multipath fading & impulse noise, eliminating intersymbol interference (ISI), inter carrier interference (ICI) & the need for equalizers. T...

introduction: the functional effects of orexin-b on the calcium spikes and excitability of the neuronal soma membrane of garden snail, helix aspersa were studied. methods: conventional intracellular recording, under the current clamp conditions was performed to examine the effects of orexin-b on the configuration and electrophysiological properties of calcium spikes. results: application of ore...

In this paper, a new viscoelastic size-depended model developed based on a modified couple stress theory and the for nonlinear viscoelastic material in order to vibration analysis of a viscoelastic nanoplate. The material of the nanoplate is assumed to obey the Leaderman nonlinear constitutive relation and the von Kármán plate theory is employed to model the system. The viscous parts of the clas...

In this paper computationally efficient signal shaping strategy is developed that can be used to substantially reduce the PAPR in multiband transmitters. In this report, we provide mathematical framework for design and analysis of PAPR reduction for multi-band transmitters. This paper addresses the problem of crest factor reduction ICFR) in multi-carrier WCDMA systems. A trade-off analysis for ...

Compression is the automatic reduction of gain as the signal level increases beyond a preset level called the threshold. It is an automatic version of “gain riding”, where one might manually lower a fader as the signal grows larger to maintain a more constant output level. For signals above the threshold, the increase in output amplitude for a given increase in input amplitude is known as the c...

This study investigated the role of sensory experience in the refinement of whisker sensory relay synapses in the ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPm) of the murine thalamus. Sensory deprivation was done by whisker plucking, and synaptic connectivity was determined by whole-cell patch-clamp recording in acute slices. Sensory deprivation started at P12-P13, but not at P16, disrupted the elimin...