This study investigated the effect, on reactor performance and biomass retention inside the bed, of the material used to make the supports of anaerobic fixed-bed reactors. Three inert supports of similar shape but made of three different materials polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, high-density polyethylene were manufactured and used. All three supports had the same specific surface area but di...

A 20–L attached–growth anaerobic system with floating plastic Ballast rings as a medium has been studied for swine wastewater [chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 1,925 to 2,033 mg/L; total suspended solids (TSS) = 1,051 to 1,184 mg/L] treatment at the mesophilic temperature of 353C. The plastic Ballast rings had a specific surface area of 108 m2/m3 and a density of 0.98 g/cm3 and filled the upper h...

The objective of this research is to study the effect of tapioca starch wastewater industries as substrate on an anaerobic fixed bed digester to the biogas production and to study the performance of 2.25 m fixed bed digester. The research was conducted from February-November 2000 in Situraja, Sumedang, West-Java the benefit of this research is to obtain environmentally sound technologiest in th...

The feasibility of an integrated process of ultrafiltration (UF) enhanced by combined chemical emulsion breaking with vibratory shear and anaerobic/aerobic biofilm reactor for central treatment of different emulsion wastewaters was investigated. Firstly, it was found that calcium chloride exhibited better performance in oil removal than other inorganic salts. Chemical demulsification pretreatme...

The wastewater treatment with a two-phase expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) system for anaerobic degradation of acetate, benzoate, terephtalate and p-toluate from purified terephtalic acid (PTA) production was studied. The feasibility and effectiveness of the system was evaluated in terms of organic oxidation by chemical oxygen demand (COD), gas production, bacterial adaptability and stabilit...

A review of the modeling of biogas production from anaerobic digesters is first conducted. A three-dimensional numerical simulation model that predicts biogas production from a plug-flow anaerobic digester is developed. The model is based on the principles of continuity, energy, and species transport. A first-order kinetic model is used to predict the chemical reactions and BOD (Biological Oxyg...

Fruit and vegetable wastes are produced in large quantities in Iran, and constitute a source of nuisance in municipal landfills. The objective of this study was to optimize the applications of anaerobic digestion for the treatment of municipal organic wastes. We studied the effect of organic loading rates on anaerobic digestion of vegetable wastes. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with wo...

The feasibility of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater at 10°C was investigated in a high height : diameter ratio EGSB reactor. Stable performance was observed at an applied organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.5-2 kg COD m(-3) d(-1) with chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies above 85%. When applied OLR increased to values above 2 kg COD m(-3) d(-1), biotreatment efficiency deteriora...

Vinasse is a continuously resulting waste by bioethanol industry with high chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration and large volume. Anaerobic digestion (AD) the best method to treat vinasse because it converts COD biogas, so biogas can support Indonesia's primary energy need. The goal of this study was effect Fe on AD process in treating vinasse. varied 0.06, 0.29, 0.64, 0.99 g/L. results s...

The filtration characteristics of simulated dyeing effluents containing Acid Orange 7, sodium sulfate, and a pH buffer made of acetic acid and sodium acetate is described using a commercially available nanofiltration membrane. The original membrane filtration properties were characterized with deionized water to provide a baseline of membrane performance. At high volumetric concentration of the...