BACKGROUND Macrophages are a component of a tumor's microenvironment and have various roles in tumor progression and metastasis. This study evaluated the relationships between tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) density and clinical outcomes in 14 different types of human cancers. METHODS We investigated TAM density in human tissue microarray sections from 14 different types of human cancers (n...

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. It was reported that Forkhead box D3 (FOXD3) transcription factor is associated with several cancers. We investigated its antitumorigenic role of ATC in this study. The ATC cell lines SW1736 and K18 exhibited lower FOXD3 expression than the Nthy-ori-3-1 normal thyroid cell line. FOXD3 downregulation in ATC cell lin...

The global incidence of thyroid cancer, one of the most common endocrine malignancies, is especially high among women. Although most patients with thyroid cancers exhibit a good prognosis with standard treatment, there are no effective therapies for patients with anaplastic thyroid cancers or cancers that have reached an advanced or recurrent level. Therefore, it is important to develop highly ...

INTRODUCTION Riedel's thyroiditis, a rare thyroid disease, can be difficult to diagnose prior to surgical removal and can be confused with malignancy both clinically and cytologically. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 72-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with a goiter, which showed a rapid increase in size at ultrasound check, suggesting malignancy. Because of inconclusive cytol...

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a very aggressive thyroid cancer. forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the forkhead box family of transcription factors involved in control of cell proliferation, chromosomal stability, angiogenesis, and invasion. Here, we show that FOXM1 is significantly increased in ATCs compared with normal thyroid, well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas (papil...

BACKGROUND We evaluated the therapeutic effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor PXD101 alone and in combination with conventional chemotherapy in treating thyroid cancer. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We studied eight cell lines from four types of thyroid cancer (papillary, follicular, anaplastic and medullary). The cytotoxicity of PXD101 alone and in combination with three conventional...

One of the critical issues in thyroid cancer diagnostic is differentiation between follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma and the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma, which in some cases is not possible based on histopathological features only. In this paper we performed molecular profiling of thyroid tissue aiming to identify metabolites characteristic for different types of thyroid ca...

Primary thyroid lymphomas (PTL) are very rare and account for only 2.5% to 5% of all thyroid malignancies and 1-2% of all extra-nodal malignancies [1]. PTL is more prevalent in females in the sixth to seventh decade of life [2]. The presentation of PTL can be puzzling. PLT may be mistaken for anaplastic thyroid cancer. Immunochemistry is an important part of pathologic differentiation of these ...

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, but its genetic drivers remain little understood. In this study, we report losses in expression of the miRNA miR30a, which is downregulated in ATC compared with differentiated thyroid cancer and normal tissue. miR30a downregulation was associated with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer and higher mortality. Mechan...