Barley is an important cereal crop worldwide. Its genetic transformation now limited to very few cultivars because of the high genotype dependence embryogenic callus. To reveal key genes or factors controlling callus induction and plantlet regeneration in barley, we compared transcriptomic profiles immature embryos Golden Promise ZU9, which differed dramatically efficiency transformation. The s...

Plant somatic embryos are widely used in the fields of germplasm conservation, breeding for genetic engineering and artificial seed production. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in somatic embryogenesis (SE) regulation. However, their regulatory roles during various stages of SE remain unclear. In this study, six types of embryogenic samples of Lilium pumilum DC. Fisch., including organogen...

Embryogenic calli were induced from longitudinally bisected segments of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’, a hybrid orchid, on modified Vacin and Went medium [Bot. Gaz. 110 (1949) 605] supplemented with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) alone or in combination with N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea (TDZ) within 1 mont...

A reliable regeneration system for faba bean has been difficult to establish and therefore, the genetic improvement of Vicia faba L. was delayed. The paper describes a method of somatic embryo induction in callus of V. faba. Two Egyptian faba bean cultivars 'Giza 2' and '24 Hyto' were used. Callus was induced from epicotyls and shoot tips cultured on MS or Gamborg medium supplemented with 3% su...

Calcium is widely known to have a role as a signaling molecule in many different processes, including stress response and activation of the embryogenic program. However, there are no direct clues about calcium levels during microspore embryogenesis, an experimental process that combines a developmental switch toward embryogenesis and the simultaneous application of different stressing factors. ...