The aim of the international standard IEC 61508 is to provide a route whereby safety-related systems can be implemented using electrical or electronic or programmable electronic technology in such a way that an acceptable level of functional safety is achieved. The strategy of the standard is first to derive the safety requirements of the safety-related system from a hazard & risk analysis and ...

Nasal dermoids are rare and their diagnosis is often delayed until complications occur. Signs such as a midline nasal punctum may be noted at birth but the significance of this finding frequently passes unrecognised. The cases are reported of two patients which illustrate the typical presentation of these lesions and their subsequent management is discussed. (Arch Dis Child 1993; 68: 418-419) N...

We present Lyra, an interactive environment for designing customized visualizations without writing code. Using drag-and-drop interactions, designers can bind data to the properties of graphical marks to author expressive visualization designs. Marks can be moved, rotated and resized using handles; relatively positioned using connectors; and parameterized by data fields using property drop zone...

more than anything else, education is rooted in the interaction between students and teachers. interaction is a more comprehensive concept than mutual influence which also exists among objects; the former is only possible when a relation among two agents is at stake. in this relation other components exist as well, such as books and educational tools, however, all these components are like sate...

Interaction between humans and computers is seldom perfect. Interactive software often includes aspects of user support to reduce the uncertainty and propensity to error experienced by many users. The present paper briefly reviews some of the common strategies for helping users and characterises the ‘second-language problem’ as a special case for support. Since most software packages are writte...

Few attempts have yet been made to implement a story engine for guiding interactive drama. Most of them rely on the computer's ability to generate the story in full detail. By focusing on story guidance at the level of morphological functions as defined by Russian formalist Vladimir Propp, we take a different approach. We do not attempt to provide a model for generating stories in detail. Inste...

There is increasing evidence that user characteristics can have a significant impact on visualization effectiveness, suggesting that visualizations could be designed to better fit each user’s specific needs. Most studies to date, however, have looked at static visualizations. Studies considering interactive visualizations have only looked at a limited number of user characteristics, and conside...

Models of party competition building on Downs (1957) have recognized that there are centrifugal and centripetal forces in party competition; but one such force, the existence of party primaries, has been remarkably neglected in recent literature. We consider party/candidate policy divergence in two-party competition in one dimension where there is a two-stage electoral process, e.g., a primary ...

0360-1315/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.08.019 * Corresponding address: Department of Curricul United States. Tel.: +1 516 463 5803; fax: +1 516 E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Torff). A treatment/control study (N = 773) was conducted to determine the extent to which use of interactive whiteboard technology (IWB) was associated with upper element...

We report from a case study of the implementation of an electronic whiteboard system at two emergency departments at Danish hospitals. The purpose of the whiteboards is to support the clinicians in maintaining an overview of the patients at the departments. The electronic whiteboard system was designed in collaboration with clinicians from the departments. Compared to existing dryerase whiteboa...