The duration that exercise can be maintained decreases as the power requirements increase. In this review, we describe the power-duration (PD) relationship across the full range of attainable power outputs in humans. We show that a remarkably small range of power outputs is sustainable (power outputs below the critical power, CP). We also show that the origin of neuromuscular fatigue differs co...

this paper reviews the current literature examining the pervasive symptom of fatigue experienced in three of the most common degenerative neurological conditions: multiple sclerosis (ms), parkinson’s disease (pd) and post-polio syndrome (pps). the existing literature can be considered under four headings definition and prevalence, type, cause, impact of fatigue. fatigue is a common symptom in d...

Van Lunteren, Erik, and Michelle Moyer. Effects of DAP on diaphragm force and fatigue, including fatigue due to neurotransmission failure. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(5): 2214– 2220, 1996.—Among the aminopyridines, 3,4-diaminopyridine (DAP) is a more effective K1 channel blocker than is 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and, furthermore, DAP enhances neuromuscular transmission. Because 4-AP improves muscle cont...

It has previously been shown that fatigue and unstable surfaces affect jump performance. However, the combination thereof is unresolved. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fatigue and surface instability on jump performance and leg muscle activity. Twenty elite volleyball players (18 ± 2 years) performed repetitive vertical double-leg box jumps until failure. Before a...

The determination of the ε − N field for a certain material, similar to the S−N case implies a relatively high number of costly and time consuming fatigue tests at different strain amplitudes. For specific applications, the mere estimation of the fatigue limit seems to be sufficient for guaranteeing lifetime safety in fatigue design allowing practical methods to be advantageously applied as a r...

Tracking or predicting physiological fatigue is important for developing more robust training protocols and better energy supplements and/or reducing muscle injuries. Current methodologies are usually impractical and/or invasive and may not be realizable outside of laboratory settings. It was recently demonstrated that smooth orthogonal decomposition (SOD) of phase space warping (PSW) features ...

Magnetic and electrical stimulation at different levels of the neuraxis show that supraspinal and spinal factors limit force production in maximal isometric efforts ("central fatigue"). In sustained maximal contractions, motoneurons become less responsive to synaptic input and descending drive becomes suboptimal. Exercise-induced activity in group III and IV muscle afferents acts supraspinally ...

THE ORIGINS OF FATIGUE during exercise have intrigued scientists for well over a century and have proven to be a rich, but complex, area of investigation. Understanding fatigue and the consequent exercise limitation is not just an intellectual curiosity, but has far-reaching implications that traverse the broad spectrum of our communities. In chronically diseased or acutely ill patients, fatigu...

Due to the complex geometry and thermos-mechanical loading, cylinder heads are the most challenging parts among all parts engines. They must endure cyclic thermal and mechanical loading throughout their lifetime. Cast aluminum alloys are normally quenched after solution treatment process to improve aging responses. Rapid quenching can lead to high residual stress. Residual stress is one of the ...