OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of 2 different anesthetic techniques on early complications after superior pharyngeal flap surgery. DESIGN Randomized, prospective, single-blind study. SETTING Large referral hospital. PATIENTS One hundred patients undergoing superior pharyngeal flap surgery for the correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to rece...

The immune system plays a vital role in survival by protecting us from the many potentially deadly infectious pathogens in our environment, as well as from cancer cells. The immune system is able to recognize pathogens and trigger their elimination through innate and then adaptive immune responses [2]. Innate immunity, also called natural or native immunity, is the first line of defense and ref...

Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the continued development of new medical and surgical strategies to combat the disease. In the United States (U.S.), mortality rates for all cancers were reported at 178.7 per 100,000 population (age-adjusted) for the period 2005–2009 [1]. In 2008, Cancer Research U.K. estimated that there were just over two million people ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) previously known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy refers to a set of signs and symptoms that include pain, increased sweating, and vasomotor instability. Pain is usually triggered by a noxious stimulus in a peripheral nerve, which is disproportionate to the triggering stimulus. Its development after surgery is not uncommon varying w...

Surgical treatment for Parkinson’s disease has evolved from permanent removal of parts of the brain to minimally invasive surgical techniques such as deep brain stimulation. Ample evidence supports the efficacy and safety of DBS giving rise to its use in other clinical settings such as benign tremors, dystonia, epilepsy and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Anesthetic and surgical techniques fo...

background: severe abdominal pain is not common after laparoscopic surgeries, but acute or chronic pain after operation is considerable in some patients. post-operative pain control after laparoscopic surgeries, is conventionally achieved using analgesics such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) and narcotics, but their administration has a lot of side effects. this study compares...

introduction: although patients do not experience sever pain after laparoscopic surgery, most of them experience acute or chronic pain afterward. while conventional pain killers including nsaid and narcotics in laparoscopic surgery have specific side effects, their application is inevitable. this study compares the efficacy of local anesthetic drugs and conventional pain killers in post-operati...

Management of pain and anxiety during oocyte retrieval makes anesthesia an important part of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. There are many studies investigating the influence of anesthesia on IVF success. This review article provides an overview of published data regarding the potential toxic effects of different anesthetic techniques (Loco-regional, general anesthesia (GA), and m...

Positive reinforcement training (PRT) techniques have received considerable attention for their stress reduction potential in the behavioral management of captive nonhuman primates. However, few published empirical studies have provided physiological data to support this position. To address this issue, PRT techniques were used to train chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) to voluntarily present a leg...

The growing importance of ambulatory surgery during the past decade has led to the development of efficient anesthetic techniques in terms of quality and safety of anesthesia and recovery. In these challenging objectives, intravenous techniques have played an important role, as they provide safe, efficient, and cost-effective anesthesia in the ambulatory setting. Among the numerous intravenous ...