BACKGROUND Pyrazinamide is a paradoxical frontline tuberculosis drug characterized by high in vivo sterilizing activity but poor in vitro activity. This separation in pyrazinamide activity reflects differences between the in vivo tissue environment and in vitro culture conditions. The well-known acid pH requirement for pyrazinamide activity was discovered previously based on such reasoning but ...

background: adequate self-care in diabetes causes quality of life promotion and decreases the number of inpatient cases. the health locus of control theory is used to assess adherence to diabetes regimen in some studies in developed countries. the purpose of this study was to determine the status of diabetes locus of control in a sample of diabetic patients in iran and investigation of it's rel...

we aimed to compare acceptability of levonorgestrel with the yuzpe regimen among iranian women based on their side-effects and resulting changes in the amount and pattern of menses.five hundred twenty nine participants aged 15-49 having regular menses and one act of unprotected intercourse within 72 h were included in the double-blind, controlled trial in 2006-2007 and randomly assigned into ln...

the pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftazidime, a third generation cephalosporin, were investigated in six buffalo calves after single intravenous (iv) and intramuscular (im) administration at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg body weight. ceftazidime concentrations in plasma and urine were determined by microbiological assay. ceftazidime disposition was best fitted by a two-compartmental and a one-compar...

pyricularia oryzae (tel. magnaporthegrisea) is currently used as a fungal model for plantmicrobeinteraction studies as well as an indicative model for anticancer drug discovery. thepresent study introduces the optimal condition in which p. oryzae grows and sporulates beston common culture media. we have considered three fungal culture media, i.e. pda, pca andwa, based on which p. oryzae sporula...

BACKGROUND Laboratory-based studies have suggested the nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis may be useful in diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We sought to determine how clinicians in one hospital used results of the NAAT in clinical decision making in cases of suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of all pa...

BACKGROUND Premna resinosa (Hochst.) Schauer also called "mukarakara" in Mbeere community of Kenya is used in the management of respiratory illness. In this study we investigated antituberculous, antifungal, antibacterial activities including cytotoxicity and phytochemical constituents of this plant. METHODS Antibacterial and antifungal activities were investigated by disc diffusion and micro...