Recently, the API X100 steel has emerged as an important pipeline material for transportation of crude oil and natural gas. At the same time, the presence of significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in natural gas and crude oil cause pipeline materials to corrode, which affects their integrity. In this study, the effect of H2S concentration on the corrosion behavior of API X100 in 3.5% NaC...

The metallic low and intermediate level radioactive waste generally consists of carbon steel and stainless steels. The corrosion rate of carbon steel in deep groundwater is typically low, unless the water is very acidic or microbial activity in the environment is high. Therefore, the assessment of microbially induced corrosion of carbon steel in deep bedrock environment has become important for...

in the present work, deoxidation and refining of 316lvm steel (low carbon vacuum melted) during the vacuum induction melting process was studied. this grade of stainless steel is one of the most important materials in medical applications. vacuum deoxidation by carbon is the first stage of 316lvm stainless steel production process. in this stage, aluminum must be absent to avoid killing the c-o...

The world's oil and gas sectors are diverse. They utilize offshore pipes to generate millions of barrels meet global energy demands. In this study we identified the critical buckling load that occurred on a cylinder shell (also known as radial buckling). Offshore pipe design must several criteria, one which is requirement for withstand external hydrostatic pressure seawater. overall calculated ...