OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify problems in the approval, pharmacovigilance, and post-approval regulatory decision-making procedures involving gefitinib and to propose countermeasures to prevent further drug-induced suffering in Japan in the future. METHODS We comprehensively reviewed reports regarding gefitinib published during the period from 2000 to 2006 by regulatory...

Introduction: Since crown lengthening surgery could be accompanied by stress, pain and discomfort, knowledge about its predisposing factors could reduce the demands for such surgery.The aim of this study was to identify the most important indications of crown lengthening surgery in order to present new ideas to clinicians on how to reduce the need for this surgery. Methods: This cross-sectio...

AIMS Regulatory requirements for new drugs have increased. Special approval procedures with priority assessment are possible for drugs with clear 'unmet medical need'. We question whether these Exceptional Circumstances (EC) or Conditional Approval (CA) procedures have led to a higher probability of serious safety issues. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed of new drugs approve...

Approval voting is an election method in which voters may cast votes for as many candidates as they desire. This can be modeled mathematically by associating to each voter an approval region: a set of potential candidates they approve. In this thesis we add another level of approval somewhere in between complete approval and complete disapproval. More than one level of approval may be a better ...

the infallible’s (a.s.) taqrīr, as one of the three tradition types, is that an action is carried out in their presence, and although they can hinder it, they would adopt a position that would denote their consent. there are different issues of interest concerning the infallible’s (a.s.) taqrīr. one of them is the typology of taqrīr, which has not been dealt with yet. the present paper has been...

Title of Dissertation: Efficient Local Algorithms for Distributed Data Mining in Large Scale Peer to Peer Environments: A Deterministic Approach Kanishka Bhaduri, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008 Thesis directed by: Dr. Hillol Kargupta Associate Professor Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems such as Gnutella, Napster, e-Mule, Kazaa, and Freenet are incr...

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