In this study, one homogeneous polysaccharide (SP1), with a molecular weight of 56 kDa, was isolated from the Huaier fruiting bodies. It had a backbone consisting of 1, 4-linked-β-D-Galp and 1, 3, 6-linked-β-D-Galp residues, which was terminated with 1-linked-α-D-Glcp and 1-linked-α-L-Araf terminal at O-3 position of 1, 3, 6-linked-β-D-Galp unit along the main chain in the ratio of 1.1: 2.0: 1....

Mutations of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 genes occur in ~80% of lower-grade (WHO grade II and grade III) gliomas. Mutant IDH produces (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate, which induces DNA hypermethylation and presumably drives tumorigenesis. Interestingly, IDH mutations are associated with improved survival in glioma patients, but the underlying mechanism for the difference in survival remai...

The importance of epigenetic regulation has been increasingly recognized in the development of cancer. In this study, we investigated the impact of smoking, a major risk factor of lung cancer, on DNA methylation by comparing the genome-wide DNA methylation patterns between lung adenocarcinoma samples from six smokers and six nonsmokers. We identified that smoking-induced DNA methylations were e...

β-D-galactofuranose (Galf) is a component of polysaccharides and glycoconjugates and its transferase has been well analyzed. However, no β-D-galactofuranosidase (Galf-ase) gene has been identified in any organism. To search for a Galf-ase gene we screened soil samples and discovered a strain, identified as a Streptomyces species by the 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis, that exhibits Galf-ase act...

Correspondence to Professor Andres Cervantes; [email protected] MUTATIONAL SIGNATURES WITH POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC INTEREST IN OESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA A consortium on clinical and molecular stratification on oesophageal adenocarcinoma established in Britain has recently published in Nature Genetics, a whole-genomic sequencing analysis of more than 100 samples. Interestingly, they describe...

this essay is about mulla sadra and allameh tabatabaei’s views on the concept and extension of the “world of zar (pre-existence)” (the pervading meaning of verse 172, al-araf, holly quran). in this research, based on sadra and tabatabaei’s basic thoughts and by using the descriptive and analytic method the following results have been achieved: 1. the existence of the world of zar is proved by s...

BACKGROUND Ovulation and luteinization of follicles are complex biological processes initiated by the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge. The objective of this study was to identify genes that are differentially expressed in bovine granulosa cells (GC) of ovulatory follicles. METHODS Granulosa cells were collected during the first follicular wave of the bovine estrous cycle from dominant ...

Xylan is the second most abundant polysaccharide on Earth and represents an immense quantity of stored energy for biofuel production. Despite its importance, most of the enzymes that synthesize xylan have yet to be identified. Xylans have a backbone of β-1,4-linked xylose residues with substitutions that include α-(1→2)-linked glucuronosyl, 4-O-methyl glucuronosyl, and α-1,2- and α-1,3-arabinof...