For a word S, let f(S) be the largest integer m such that there are two disjoint identical (scattered) subwords of length m. Let f(n,Σ) = min{f(S) : S is of length n, over alphabet Σ}. Here, it is shown that 2f(n, {0, 1}) = n− o(n) using the regularity lemma for words. In other words, any binary word of length n can be split into two identical subwords (referred to as twins) and, perhaps, a rem...

in this article we study two different generalizations of von neumann regularity, namely strong topological regularity and weak regularity, in the banach algebra context. we show that both are hereditary properties and under certain assumptions, weak regularity implies strong topological regularity. then we consider strong topological regularity of certain concrete algebras. moreover we obtain ...

We study topological von Neumann regularity and principal von Neumann regularity of Banach algebras. Our main objective is comparing these two types of Banach algebras and some other known Banach algebras with one another. In particular, we show that the class of topologically von Neumann regular Banach algebras contains all $C^*$-algebras, group algebras of compact abelian groups and ...

Given a von Neumann algebra M with a faithful normal semi-finite trace τ, we consider the non commutative Arens algebra Lω(M, τ) = ⋂ p≥1 Lp(M, τ) and the related algebras L2 (M, τ) = ⋂ p≥2 Lp(M, τ) and M + L2 (M, τ) which are proved to be complete metrizable locally convex *-algebras. The main purpose of the present paper is to prove that any derivation of the algebra M + L2 (M, τ) is inner and...

The study of text difficulty is considered to be an important issue for many branches of applied research. In the fields of journalism or education, for example, it is particularly important to know if (or to what degree) a given text is likely to cause difficulties for a recipient, or a group of recipients, i.e., if it is likely to be on an adequate (intended) level of difficulty or beyond. In...

In this paper we provide upper estimates for the global projective dimensions of smooth crossed products $$\mathscr {S}(G, A; \alpha )$$ $$G = \mathbb {R}$$ and {T}$$ a self-induced Fréchet–Arens–Michael algebra A. To do this, powerful generalization methods which are used in works Ogneva Helemskii.

we study topological von neumann regularity and principal von neumann regularity of banach algebras. our main objective is comparing these two types of banach algebras and some other known banach algebras with one another. in particular, we show that the class of topologically von neumann regular banach algebras contains all $c^*$-algebras, group algebras of compact abelian groups and cer...

We show that the Lipschitz structure of a separable quasi-Banach space does not determine, in general, its linear structure. Using the notion of the Arens-Eells p-space over a metric space for 0 < p ≤ 1 we construct examples of separable quasi-Banach spaces which are Lipschitz isomorphic but not linearly isomorphic.