The School of Medicine of Tehran University was officially established in 1934. Then, in December 1939, Professor Charles Oberling (1895-1960), the famous French pathologist was appointed as the Dean of Medical, Pharmacy, and Dentistry Schools and a new era of medical education was ushered in. He suggested to the Ministry of Culture's authorities to publish a medical journal; subsequently, the ...

Family medicine began as a revolutionary movement with courageous leaders who had a compelling vision for the new specialty. Next came a growth era with the expansion of residency programs, medical school departments and community practices; organizationally adept, businesslike people managed family medicine’s prosperity. Today medicine and America are troubled, reminiscent of conditions in the...

most of the researches do not differentiate between intuitive critic and passive one – in the field of features, applications and methods. this critical school is called emotional or passive critics which emphasizes aesthetics. thus sensitivity is not the only appliance to wisdom but is a mean to inspire happiness or unhappiness feeling. consequently the passive (critical) school is the result ...

Sergei Petrovich Botkin owns a large number of outstanding discoveries in the field medicine, which have not lost their relevance at present. He is one founders scientific clinical its physiological direction. Sergey put forward innovative ideas, subsequently served as basis for creation new and practical disciplines: sanitary transport, disinfection, medical statistics, laboratory examination,...

Background: Utilitarianism is a school whose founders have justified it by emphasizing consequentialism as a public interest. The school of utilitarianism is a moral and naturalistic school that justifies principles such as justice and individual and collective freedoms. For utilitarian, one cannot rely solely on individual interests and neglect the collective interest or group interest. Human ...

Mike Thelwall, Statistical Cybermetrics Research Group, University of Wolverhampton. Olga Goriunova, Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies, University of Warwick. Farida Vis, Information School, University of Sheffield. Simon Faulkner, Manchester School of Art, Manchester Metropolitan University. Anne Burns, Information School, University of Sheffield. Jim Aulich, Manchester School of Art,...