Certain properties of indefinite pronouns have received considerable attention in the literature. For instance, negative polarity indefinites such as English any constitute the focus of the bulk of the literature on negative polarity items, the fact notwithstanding that Klima in his seminal 1964 paper did not fail to show that members of other syntactic and semantic categories may be restricted...

The term anaphora describes backward reference to items previously occurring in a text (see e.g., Mitkov, 2002). The pointing back item is called an anaphor and the item to which it refers is called its antecedent. The identification of an anaphor’s antecedent is termed anaphora resolution and is considered one of the most difficult tasks in natural language processing (NLP) since it relies on ...

Pronouns are frequently dropped in Chinese sentences, especially in informal data such as text messages. In this work we propose a solution to recover dropped pronouns in SMS data. We manually annotate dropped pronouns in 684 SMS files and apply machine learning algorithms to recover them, leveraging lexical, contextual and syntactic information as features. We believe this is the first work on...

Coreference resolution plays a critical role in discourse analysis. This paper focuses on exploiting zero pronouns to improve Chinese coreference resolution. In particular, a simplified semantic role labeling framework is proposed to identify clauses and to detect zero pronouns effectively, and two effective methods (refining syntactic parser and refining learning example generation) are employ...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an official basketball game and its result on serum testosterone and cortisol responses as well as a possible difference in these hormones between fixed and reserved players. for this purpose, two teams were purposefully selected from semi-final games of tehran first clubs. the blood samples of 22 female players (mean age: 20 years, ...

Pronoun interpretation in English has been demonstrated to be sensitive to an interaction between grammatical and pragmatically-driven factors. This study investigated the interpretation of pronouns in Japanese, which has both null and overt forms. Thirty-two native speakers of Japanese participated in a passage completion experiment with transfer-of-possession contexts, varying prompt type, as...

Anaphora resolution attempts to determine the correct antecedent of an anaphor (the term pointing back). In what follows, we propose an algorithm for the resolution of anaphoric pronouns that relies on lexical and syntactic knowledge incorporated in a modular approach based on constraints and preferences. Our objective was to find the correct antecedent to the following subject pronouns (il, il...

In the scientific work has been carried out an interpretation of Hermann Hesse’s novels «Steppenwolf» and «The Game Beads» on basis dialogue «author – hero reader», built principles intellectual play. It illustrated that category play as artistic, magical element creativity, a means creating functioning cultural values, artistic communication is conceptual for artist. The purpose this game read...

We interviewed 13 female machinima artists to investigate the appeal of machinima for women. Are there any specific qualities of this game-based production that speak to those women? The research looked at engine use, personal situation of artists and motivation, production processes, and dominant themes in female produced machinima. Our findings indicate that machinima as a form of emergent pl...