Dynamic knowledge bases are a fact of life in many artificial intelligence applications. Using current techniques, however, it is not always possible to provide the desired level of associative access to them whilst meeting real-time, or even near-real-time, performance criteria. This paper argues the case for a hardware associative storage system that uses symbolic pattern matching as its acce...

A Banach lattice algebra is a Banach lattice, an associative algebra with a sub-multiplicative norm and the product of positive elements should be positive. In this note we study the Arens regularity and cohomological properties of Banach lattice algebras.

Denef and Loeser defined a map from the Grothendieck ring of sets definable in pseudo-finite fields to the Grothendieck ring of Chow motives, thus enabling to apply any cohomological invariant to these sets. We generalize this to perfect, pseudo algebraically closed fields with pro-cyclic Galois group. In addition, we define some maps between different Grothendieck rings of definable sets which...

2 Elliptic Curves and Maps Between Them 2 2.1 The Group Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 Weierstrass Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.3 Maps Between Elliptic Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.4 Dual Isogenies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Associative long-term depression (LTD) in the hippocampus is a form of spike time-dependent synaptic plasticity that is induced by the asynchronous pairing of postsynaptic action potentials and EPSPs. Although metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and postsynaptic Ca(2+) signaling have been suggested to mediate associative LTD, mechanisms are unclear further downstream. Here we show that ei...

Advances in VLSI technology and processor architectures have resulted in a tremendous increase in processor speeds and memory capacities. However memory latencies have failed to improve as rapidly, making memory systems the performance limiters in most high performance processor architectures. Caching is a time-tested mechanism to solve this speed disparity. Among the different cache mapping or...

To understand how memories are successfully formed, scientists have compared neural activity during the encoding of subsequently remembered and forgotten items. Though this approach has elucidated a network of brain regions involved in memory encoding, this method cannot distinguish broad, non-specific signals from memory specific encoding processes, such as associative encoding. Associative en...

Most neuronal models of learning assume that changes in synaptic strength are the main mechanism underlying long-term memory (LTM) formation. However, we show here that a persistent depolarization of membrane potential, a type of cellular change that increases neuronal responsiveness, contributes significantly to a long-lasting associative memory trace. The use of a model invertebrate network w...

BACKGROUND The relationship between awareness and associative learning is a key controversial issue that remains to be elucidated. An experiment was designed to assess associative learning with and without perceptual awareness. METHOD Participants received repeated trials of two compatible stimuli sequences (S1A → S2A and S1B → S2B ), where S1 was a masked stimulus, and S2 an imperative stimu...

In both mammals and invertebrates, virus infections can impair a broad spectrum of physiological functions including learning and memory formation. In contrast to the knowledge on the conserved mechanisms underlying learning, the effects of virus infection on different aspects of learning are barely known. We use the honeybee (Apis mellifera), a well-established model system for studying learni...