[1] A model of the ocean and seafloor carbon cycle is subjected to injection of new CO2 pulses of varying sizes to estimate the resident atmospheric fraction over the coming 100 kyr. The model is used to separate the processes of air-sea equilibrium, an ocean temperature feedback, CaCO3 compensation, and silicate weathering on the residual anthropogenic pCO2 in the atmosphere at 1, 10, and 100 ...

Atmospheric emissions of Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are regulated by the Montreal Protocol due to its role as a strong ozone-depleting substance. The molecule has been the subject of recent increased interest as a consequence of the so called “mystery of CCl4,” the discrepancy between atmospheric observations and reported production and consumption. Surface measurements of CCl4 atmospheric con...

AIM This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence rate, and lifetime risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population-based study of Swedish men. METHODS AND RESULTS The study is a part of 'The Study of Men Born in 1913', which is a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 855 men born in 1913 and living in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. They were followed from the age ...

The different purposes present within a distributed information environment create the potential for repositories to enhance their metadata by capitalising on the diversity of metadata available for any given object. This paper presents three conceptual reference models required to achieve this optimisation of metadata workflow: the ecology of repositories, the object lifecycle model, and the m...

BACKGROUND The Alberta oil sands are an important economic resource in Canada, but there is growing concern over the environmental and health effects as a result of contaminant releases and exposures. Recent studies have shown a temporal and spatial trend of increased polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in sediments and snowpack near the Athabasca oil sands operations (i.e., op...

The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding is one of the atmospheric payload instruments on board ESA’s ENVISAT which was successfully launched into a sun-synchronous, polar orbit on 1 March 2002. Covering a broad spectral range from 685 2410 cm-1, at high spectral resolution and radiometric sensitivity the instrument permits unprecedent observations of a large number of atmo...

background: the brown-banded cockroach, supella longipalpa , is not as common as the german cockroach in iran. this species seeks out areas that are very warm most of the time, and prefer warmer area than what german cock­roaches pre­fer. there is relationship between development of instars and diet of cockroaches. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of different diets on biology,...

Peng et al. (1) quantify aging and variation in the optical properties of black carbon (BC) particles representing ambient urban conditions in developed and developing countries. There are several key implications in the findings of Peng et al. Under polluted environments, rapid aging and highly enhanced absorption of BC particles (by a factor of 2.4 within a few hours) contribute importantly t...

It is generally considered as self evident that the lifetime of our vacuum in the landscape of string theory cannot be much shorter than the current age of the universe. Here I show why this lower limit is invalid. A certain type of " parallel universes " is a necessary consequence of the string-landscape dynamics and might well allow us to " survive " vacuum decay. As a consequence our stringy...

In this paper the performance of the proposed DLMT and CLMT algorithms are compared. These proposed algorithms tend to extend the node lifetime. Decentralized lifetime maximizing tree(DLMT) features in nodes with higher energy to be chosen as data aggregating parents while Centralized Lifetime Maximizing Tree(CLMT) features with the identification of the bottleneck node to collect data in a cen...