A lot of residual biomass has energy value and can be used for further applications through suitable treatments, such as pelletization. This treatment improve properties, mainly density, but also lead to problems due their low ash melting temperatures, high content, the formation harmful compounds during combustion. article deals with potential pellets produced from spruce sawdust, bark, pine c...

In the current context of considerable interest in palladium (Pd), a new process Pd biosorption is described with various natural materials derived from plant feedstocks. Eichhornia crassipes was chosen as model for determining thermodynamic and kinetic parameters biosorption. The optimised then tested on other (wheat, pine cones, coffee grounds, green tea grounds), powders dead native (Mentha ...

INTRODUCTION Of the southern pines, many consider longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) the most valuable in terms of wood-product quality, aesthetics, and resistance to fire, insects, and disease. Longleaf pine ecosystems once occupied more than 90 million acres of the Lower Coastal Plain of the Southeastern United States from southern Virginia to central Florida and west to eastern Texas (Fro...

Phenotypic variation among individuals is necessary for natural selection to operate and is therefore essential for adaptive evolution. However, extensive variation within individuals can mask variation among individuals and weaken the potential for selection. Here we quantify variation among and within individuals in female cone and seed traits of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis). In many pla...

Context The diversity of myxomycetes associated with Australia’s most diverse native conifer genus, Callitris, has been incompletely studied. Aims In this study, we examine the outer bark, fallen cones and dead litter (leaves/needles) four Callitris species. Methods Substrate samples were collected from 13 localities in New South Wales, Queensland Northern Territory. Samples used to prepare moi...

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Population genetic analyses provide information on the population context in which evolutionary processes operate and are important for understanding the evolution of geographically variable traits. Earlier studies showed that cone structure of lodgepole pine in the Rocky Mountains diverged among populations because of geographic variation in coevolutionary interactions inv...