background: diabetes mellitus (dm), primary or idiopathic is a chronic disorder of the carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. dm may impact male reproductive function at several levels. it is shown that dm has detrimental effects on sperm parameters in human and experimental animals. objective: the aim of this study was to observe the effects of diabetes on sperm parameters (viability, cou...

introduction: there is evidence that diabetes affects seizure susceptibility. ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe) which is used in traditional medicine has antioxidant activity and neuroprotective effects. the aim of this study was to evaluate the seizure threshold induced by pentylenetetrazole (ptz) in diabetic mice after induction of diabetes with streptozocin and to examine the possible role...

since the uterine is a sensitive tissue to steroid hormones, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 17β-estradiol (e2) and progesterone (p4) alone or in combination on morphological and morphometrically parameters of ovariectomized mouse uterus.adult virgin female mice (8-10 weeks old)were ovariectomized and treated with e2, p4, e2 followed by p4 and the oil vehicle alon...

creatine exerts beneficial effects on a variety of pathologies in which energy metabolism and oxidative stress play an etiological role. creatine supplements have shown beneficial effects on neurological disorders including parkinson's disease, huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, alzheimer's disease and stroke. however, the potential benefits of creatine for pati...

background: cystic echinococcosis (ce), also known as echinococcosis/hydatidosis, is one of the most important parasitic diseases in the world. it enhances both humoral and cellular (th1 and th2) responses in infected host. different antigens of the worm may favor the th1 or th2 immune responses in ce patients. objective: to evaluate the humoral and cellular immune responses of balb/c mice agai...

background pomegranate (punica granatum) is a significant source of bioactive compounds. however, its toxicity is not intensively studied. objectives the current study investigated the safety and tolerability of pomegranate peel extract (ppe) in balb/c mice. conclusions the current study showed that ppe had no toxicity and its use is suggested with potential applications against diseases. resul...

background: protective effect of emblica against radiation and cadmium induced biochemical changes in mouse kidney has been studied. materials and methods: adult male mice were divided into seven groups: i (shamirradiated), ii (cadmium chloride), iii (irradiated with 2 gy gamma rays), iv (radiation and cadmium chloride), v (cadmium chloride and emblica), vi (radiation and emblica), vii (radiati...

background and aims: probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that are beneficial to human health. probiotics are commonly found in some foods such as dairy products or complementary tablets. a recent research shows that probiotics have a significant role in diabetes type 1 and 2 treatment. among the variety of lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus strains are well known in probiotics for th...

in the present study, interactions between lead exposure with nitric oxide precursor (l-arginine) or nitric oxide synthase (nos) inhibitor (l-name) on naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea in morphine-dependent mice were examined. chronic lead acetate (0.05%) exposure altered naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea in mice. jumping was decreased after 7 days and was unchanged 14 and 28 days after...

introduction: some studies show magnesium has anticonvulsive effect in some animal models. despite of the availability of well-studied anticonvulsant drugs, this evaluation was not carried on new kind of magnesium supplement, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (nmgo). according to the interaction between magnesium and convulsion, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of nmgo on strychnine-i...