A detailed understanding of how materials respond to ballistic shock-loading is critical for the design and development of new protective materials. However, the nonlinear viscoelastic deformation present in polymers and nanocomposites during and immediately following a ballistic impact event is not currently well understood. The dynamic mechanical :responses of materials experiencing ballistic...

Surface topography and defect structures associated with ballistic impact in a commercial 94 percent alumina ceramic armor are described. Fracture surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy, augmenting previous replication electron fractography studies. Direct transmission electron microscopy was employed in characterizing defect structures in extracted fracture fragments on replica...

Most civilian nonfatal gunshot injuries and murders involve handguns. Gunshot wounds are often classified as being due to high-velocity or low-velocity projectiles, e.g. rifle or handgun rounds. However, this is a historical distinction, and there is overlap in energy that can be delivered to tissue by modern rifle and handgun rounds. Also, the same diameter (caliber) bullet can have different ...

Between the onset of projectile fragmentation and the assumption of rear wall failure due to an impulsive load, multi-wall ballistic limit equations are linearly interpolated to provide reasonable yet conservative predictions of perforation thresholds with conveniently simple mathematics. Although low velocity and hypervelocity regime predictions are based on analytical expressions, there is no...

Polycrystalline aluminum oxide (Al2O3) based materials have both personnel and ground vehicle armor applications. However, their ballistic performance can vary significantly. At the root of this problem is the identification of the fundamental macro and micro mechanisms of deformation and failure in the ballistic event which has proven very elusive over the years. Using a newly developed soft r...

Experimental investigation into the impact of a liquid droplet onto a granular bed using three-dimensional, time-resolved, particle tracking This item was submitted to Loughborough University's Institutional Repository by the/an author. Experimental investigation into the impact of a liquid droplet onto a granular bed using three-dimensional, time-resolved, particle tracking. An experimental in...