BACKGROUND Understanding structure of the population is one of the major objective of many genetic studies. The program STRUCTURE is commonly used to infer population structure using multi-locus genotype data. However, a tool with graphical-user interface is currently not available to visualize STRUCTURE bar plots. RESULTS We introduce STRUCTURE PLOT, a program for drawing STRUCTURE bar plots...

For decades, the grand-design SAB spiral galaxy NGC 5248 has been postulated to host a short bar of semimajor axis 22 (1.6 kpc). From dynamical and morphological arguments, however, we argue that its spiral structure is being driven by a large-scale bar whose corotation radius lies at ∼115 (8.6 kpc). Our estimate is based partially on a deep R-band image, which reveals that the feature previous...

A multi-faceted approach is described to constrain the importance of bar-driven evolution in disk galaxies, with a special emphasis on bulge formation. N-body simulations of bars are compared to the stellar kinematics and near-infrared morphology of 30 edge-on spirals, most with a boxy bulge. The N-body simulations allow to construct stellar kinematic bar diagnostics for edge-on systems and to ...

An important new structure suggests the BAR domain is a membrane-binding module that can both produce and sense membrane curvature. BAR resembles a banana that binds membranes electrostatically through its positively charged, concave surface.

In a low consistency refiner pulp fibres are trapped between the bar edges of the rotor and stator and worked into the narrow gap between rotor and stator. No refining occurs if the fibres are not trapped. A reduction in fibre trapping is believed to be in the common observation that refining becomes less efficient as the bars wear and lose their sharpness. This paper examines the effect of bar...

this article exposes an analysis of the zoroastrian persian calendar in a 12th century hebrew book on the jewish calendar (sefer ha-‘ibbūr). the hebrew treatise was composed by the polymath abraham bar ḥiyya, probably in northern france. bar ḥiyya depicts the structure of the zoroastrian persian calendar, its months and some of its festivals. he then expounds on calendrical algorithms which ena...

Result obtained during ten years research work (1990-2000) on distribution of monogenean fauna Iranian fishes indicates that its composition of monogenean fauna of Iranian fishes depends on their habit and since Iran includes three different zoogeographical zones with highly endemic fish hosts, its monogenean parasites have specific composition. The Caspian fauna is characterized by relatively ...

The beta1-adrenoceptors (b1AR) and beta-2 (b2AR) adrenoceptors represent the predominant pathway for sympathetic control of myocardial function. Diverse mechanisms have evolved to translate signalling via these two molecules into differential effects on physiology. In this review, we discuss how the functions of the bAR are organized from the level of secondary messengers to the whole heart to ...

This study presents shape optimization of a gravity dam imposing stability and principal stress constraints. A gravity dam is a large scale hydraulic structure consisting of huge amount of concrete material. Hence, an optimum design gives a cost-benefit structure due to the fact that small changes in shape of dam cross-section leads to large saving of concrete volume. T...

We study the growth of galactic disks in live triaxial dark matter (DM) halos. The halos have been assembled using the constrained realizations method and evolved from the linear regime using cosmological simulations. The ‘seed’ disks have been inserted at redshift z = 3 and increased in mass tenfold over various time periods, ∼ 1 − 3 Gyr, with the halo responding quasi-adiabatically to this pr...