The formation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through precipitated carbons emerging from supersaturated metal catalysts is an established mechanism for their growth during the CVD process. Here, the CNT growth mode is determined by the interaction between the substrate and the catalyst nanoparticle, e.g., the tip-growth mode for the weak adhesion between them and the base-growth mode for the strong ...

the cycloalkylation of diethyl malonate and ethyl cyanoacetate with alkyl dihalide was investigated by using comminuted potassium carbonate as a base and toluene as a solvent in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (htmab) as a phase-transfer catalyst, which provided a conventional procedure with the advantage of short reaction period and high product yield. the factors influencin...

3,5-disubstituted-2,6-dicyanoaniline derivatives have been synthesized via the reaction of aryl methylene- and 1-arylethylidenemalonodinitriles using 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU) as ...

Hydrogen spillover over macroscopic distances was demonstrated and exploited in the design of two novel catalytic reactors for 1-butene isomerization. A dual-bed reactor containing separate zones of noble metal and bimetallic catalysts yielded activities up to 2.7 times greater than that of the noble metal alone. The noble metal catalyst contained palladium supported on graphitic carbon. The bi...

Over the past few decades, enantioselective phosphine organocatalysis has evolved rapidly into a highly efficient catalytic strategy for a range of useful reactions. However, as restricted by the traditional catalytic modes, some important reactions, such as asymmetric Strecker-type reactions, have thus far been out of reach of this strategy. Reported herein is an application of enantioselectiv...

Convenient and simple procedures for the synthesis of functionalized Quinoxaline derivatives were developed via one-pot four-component reaction of o-aminoanilin, acetylenic ester, and malonyl dichloride in the presence of K2 CO3 as effective base catalyst. These compounds widely are used in various industries like paint, pharmaceutical and medicine. Quinoxaline derivatives are also part of anti...