basal cell carcinoma (bcc) is currently the most common cutaneous cancer found in humans. although it generally shows a relatively benign course (bccl), some cases show aggressive behavior (bcc2). until recently, traditional histologic diagnostic criteria have failed to discriminate unequivocally between bcc 1 and bcc2. in this study we selected 50 cases of bcc and categorized them into two gro...

Phase diagrams are determined by Monte Carlo lattice simulations for idealized symmetric and asymmetric surfactant molecules mixed with single-site "oil" and "water" molecules. At high concentrations (above 20%) of surfactant, the simulations show the self assembly of liquid crystalline phases, including smectic, hexagonal, BCC sphere packings, and Ia3d gyroid cubic phases. The locations of the...

The infeasibility problem in traditional super efficiency models has been well established. A generalization of traditional inputor output-oriented super efficiency models, the directional distance function also suffers from infeasibility and related problems. The hyperbolic-oriented efficiency measure provides an alternative to the input-oriented, output-oriented, and directional efficiency me...

BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy in the United States. Ionizing radiation is an established risk factor in certain populations, including cancer survivors. We quantified the association between ionizing radiation dose and the risk of BCC in childhood cancer survivors. METHODS Participants in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study who reported a BCC (case subjec...

Intracellular bacteria are characterized by genome reduction. The 422,434-base pair genome of Buchnera aphidicola BCc, primary endosymbiont of the aphid Cinara cedri, is approximately 200 kilobases smaller than the previously sequenced B. aphidicola genomes. B. aphidicola BCc has lost most metabolic functions, including the ability to synthesize the essential amino acid tryptophan and riboflavi...

Loss-of-function mutations in Patched (Ptch1) are implicated in constitutive activation of the Sonic hedgehog pathway in human basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), and inherited Ptch1 mutations underlie basal cell nevus syndrome in which a typical feature is multiple BCC occurring with greater incidence in portals of radiotherapy. Mice in which one copy of Ptch1 is inactivated show increased susceptib...

data envelopment analysis (dea) models with interval inputs and outputs have been rarely discussed in dea literature. this paper, using the enhanced russell measurement proposes an extended model which permits the presence of interval scale variables which can take both negative and positive values. the model is compared with most well-known dea models of which include the ccr model, the bcc mo...

BACKGROUND Arborizing vessels (AVs) are dermoscopically defined as telangiectasias with distinct treelike branching, and are a characteristic feature of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). However, AVs are observed in various conditions other than BCC. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate skin diseases showing AV and investigates dermoscopic differences between BCC and non-BCC. METHOD...

objective: the aims of this study were to determine energy efficiency and co2 use pattern of grape production in zanjan province, iran by a non-parametric method of data envelopment analysis (dea). methods: initial data were collected using a face to face questionnaire from 42 orchards in abhar city of zanjan province which is one of the most important centers of grape production in iran. the d...