The scientific community is still interested in heuristic techniques and optimization algorithms that could be applied in complex problems such as the antenna adaptive beam forming problem. This paper presents an empirical study of solving the problem of antenna adaptive beam forming using Central Force Optimization (CFO) algorithm. The algorithm implemented using Compute Unified Device Archite...

The wireless cellular base station antenna system employs switched beam technology which suffers from its inefficiency to track the user and limited capacity. The Smart antenna tracks the mobile user more efficiently by directing the main beam towards the user and forming nulls in the directions of the interfering signal. Smart antennas include the design of antenna array and adjusting the inco...

Beam forming (BF) and Blind Source Separation (BSS) are always two interesting methodologies to witness in order to separate two sources. BSS in frequency domain have been facing a serious issue of permutation ambiguity while performing source separation using Independent Component Analysis (ICA). Permutation Ambiguity is a problem of mismatch of any frequency lines between the sources, so the ...

In this paper Adaptive beam forming using KLMS, CGM and KRLS algorithm has been proposed. In CGM algorithms has reduced the interference and convergence is better when number of antennas increased. In CGM algorithm the weight of antenna arrays can be adjusted to form certain amount of adaptive beam to track corresponding users automatically and at the same time to minimize interference arising ...

Abstract Smart antennas are examined as a promising technology in wireless communication systems. In the development of smart antenna technology, Adaptive beam-forming is most important aspect. uses various algorithms to identify signals desired direction and separate interference from undesired/unwanted direction. this paper, Proposed Beam-forming Algorithm offers better solution for reducing ...

Beamforming techniques based on sigma-delta modulation (SDM) have been proposed to reduce the hardware complexity of conventional multi-bit digital delay-sum beamformer, in which beamforming operation is performed upon over-sampled single bit sequences obtained by applying SDM to the received signals from each array elements. In conventional single bit SDM beamforming, the single bit sequence i...

We analyze optical phased arrays with aperiodic pitch and element-to-element spacing greater than one wavelength at channel counts exceeding hundreds of elements. We optimize the spacing between waveguides for highest side-mode suppression providing grating lobe free steering in full visible space while preserving the narrow beamwidth. Optimum waveguide placement strategies are derived and desi...

This Paper focused on adaptive conjugate gradient method (CGM) algorithm and the same is compared with one of the fastest adaptive algorithm named recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm. This algorithms has improved the computation complexity and better convergence. MATLAB simulation showed that conjugate gradient algorithm has better output signal resolution.

A primary proton beam from the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron is driven to a beryllium target (KL target). After a sweeping magnet and some collimators, a neutral beam is formed. The last collimator exit is located 126 m downstream of the target (see Fig. 1). The primary protons not interacting in the KL target are deflected by a bent crystal, forming a secondary proton beam that is transported ...

The layout of beam delivery and/or beam forming optical systems is a recurring task in development and application of laser systems and necessarily requires adequate simulation tools. Accurate and precise simulation of the propagation of laser beams through optical systems, with the aim of predicting the beam profile at desired locations, is challenging. It requires detailed characterization of...